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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 25 February 2025. 1807–1814 war against Napoleon in Iberia Not to be confused with the French invasion of Spain in 1823. Peninsular War Part of the Napoleonic Wars Peninsular war Clockwise from top left: The Third of May 1808 Battle of Somosierra Battle of Bayonne Disasters of War prints by Goya Date 2 ...
Between 1793 and 1815, under the rule of King George III, the Kingdom of Great Britain (later the United Kingdom) was the most constant of France's enemies.Through its command of the sea, financial subsidies to allies on the European mainland, and active military intervention in the Peninsular War, Britain played a significant role in Napoleon's downfall.
The Peninsular War was a military conflict for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars, waged between France and the allied powers of Spain, the United Kingdom and Portugal. It started when French and Spanish armies, then allied, occupied Portugal in 1807, and escalated in 1808 when France turned on Spain, its former ally.
The Fifth Coalition (1809) of Britain and Austria against France formed as Britain engaged in the Peninsular War in Spain and Portugal. The sea became a major theatre of war against Napoleon's allies. Austria, previously an ally of France, took the opportunity to attempt to restore its imperial territories in Germany as held prior to Austerlitz.
His orders backfired in the Iberian Peninsula, especially in Portugal (being allied to Britain), setting off the Peninsular War. He pushed Russia too hard, both in terms of the Continental System, and in his demands for control over part of Poland. Napoleon's 1812 invasion of Russia was a disaster [12] which set the stage for his downfall.
After the Battle of Corunna, Napoleon ordered Marshal Nicolas Soult to invade Portugal from the north. He was to seize Porto by 1 February and Lisbon by 10 February. Napoleon failed to take into account both the wretched condition and the roads or the fact that a full-scale guerrilla war had broken out in Northern Portugal and Spain.
The allied army, some 27,000 [2] strong, outnumbered the French garrison by around five to one and after encircling the town on 17 March 1812, began to lay siege by preparing trenches, parallels and earthworks to protect the heavy siege artillery, work made difficult by a week of prolonged and torrential rainfalls, which also swept away bridging works that were needed to bring the heavy cannon ...
The Spanish Ulcer: A History of the Peninsular War. Pimlico. ISBN 0-7126-9730-6. Gill, John H. (1992). With Eagles to Glory : Napoleon and his German allies in the 1809 campaign. London: Greenhill Books. ISBN 1-85367-130-4. Gill, John H. (2008b). 1809: Thunder on the Danube; Volume II: The Fall of Vienna and the Battle of Aspern. London ...