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Depending on the level of obstruction, bowel obstruction can present with abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and constipation.Bowel obstruction may be complicated by dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities due to vomiting; respiratory compromise from pressure on the diaphragm by a distended abdomen, or aspiration of vomitus; bowel ischemia or perforation from prolonged distension or ...
Signs and symptoms of DIOS include a sudden onset of crampy abdominal pain, vomiting, and a palpable mass (often in the right lower quadrant) in the abdomen.The characteristic abdominal pain is typically located in the center or right lower quadrant of the abdomen. [1]
A definite diagnosis often requires confirmation by diagnostic imaging modalities. Ultrasound is the imaging modality of choice for diagnosis and exclusion of intussusception, due to its high accuracy and lack of radiation. The appearance of target sign (also called "doughnut sign" on a sonograph, usually around 3 cm in diameter, confirms the ...
To qualify for this diagnosis, patients must meet the Rome diagnostic criteria for functional constipation or irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C). [31] Furthermore, 2 of the following 3 tests must show abnormal results: balloon expulsion test , anorectal manometry or anal surface electromyography , or imaging (e.g. defecography ...
Bowel obstruction is most often caused by intestinal adhesions, which frequently form after abdominal surgeries, or by chronic infections such as diverticulitis, hepatitis, and inflammatory bowel disease. The condition may be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms may resemble those of other bowel disorders. [4]
Volvulus causes severe pain and progressive injury to the intestinal wall, with accumulation of gas and fluid in the portion of the bowel obstructed. [11] Ultimately, this can result in necrosis of the affected intestinal wall, acidosis, and death. This is known as a closed-loop obstruction because there exists an isolated ("closed") loop of bowel.
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Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is an uncommon syndrome with chronic and recurrent symptoms that suggest intestinal obstruction in the absence of any mechanical blockage of the lumen. [3] The most common symptoms of CIPO include abdominal pain, constipation, nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, and abdominal distention.