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The Monsoon of South Asia is among several geographically distributed global monsoons. It affects the Indian subcontinent , where it is one of the oldest and most anticipated weather phenomena and an economically important pattern every year from June through September, but it is only partly understood and notoriously difficult to predict.
A monsoon (/ m ɒ n ˈ s uː n /) is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation [1] but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with annual latitudinal oscillation of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) between its limits to the north and south of the equator.
Southeast Asia's traditional wet season, which typically spans October through March, is driven by the Australian-Indonesian monsoon (AIM) system. This meteorological phenomenon generates air currents flowing from Asia toward Australia, transporting significant moisture that results in substantial precipitation across the region.
South Asia has a total area of 5.2 million sq.km (2 million sq.mi), which is 10% of the Asian continent. [30] The population of South Asia is estimated to be 2.04 billion [8] or about one-fourth of the world's population, making it both the most populous and the most densely populated geographical region in the world. [31]
In the south of the country, rain was so rare that the region had its driest monsoon season since 1901, the IMD said. The government of Karnataka in southern India declared drought conditions in ...
Monsoons hit South Asia every year between June and September, but the 2017 monsoon season was far worse than average, [5] bringing flooding and associated landslides of unusual severity. Experts called the floods the worst in South Asia in decades and a threat to long-term food supplies due to ruined farmland. [6]
The climate of Asia is dry across its southwestern region. Some of the largest daily temperature ranges on Earth occur in the western part of Asia. The monsoon circulation dominates across the southern and eastern regions, due to the Himalayas forcing the formation of a thermal low which draws in moisture during the summer. The southwestern ...
From January to October 2022, excessive rainfall and widespread monsoon flooding occurred in the South Asian countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. It has become the region's deadliest floods since 2020 , with over 4,700 people dead.