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Serum protein electrophoresis showing a paraprotein (spike/peak in the gamma zone) in a patient with multiple myeloma.. A myeloma protein is an abnormal antibody (immunoglobulin) or (more often) a fragment thereof, such as an immunoglobulin light chain, that is produced in excess by an abnormal monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells, typically in multiple myeloma or Monoclonal gammopathy of ...
Multiple myeloma is diagnosed based on blood or urine tests finding abnormal antibody proteins (often using electrophoretic techniques revealing the presence of a monoclonal spike in the results, termed an m-spike), bone marrow biopsy finding cancerous plasma cells, and medical imaging finding bone lesions. [6]
Note that up to 8% of healthy geriatric patients may have a monoclonal spike. [16] Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia (IgM), monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), amyloidosis, plasma cell leukemia and solitary plasmacytomas also produce an M-spike. Oligoclonal gammopathy is indicated by one or more discrete clones. [citation ...
A small spike would be present in the gamma (γ) band in MGUS Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance ( MGUS ) is a plasma cell dyscrasia in which plasma cells or other types of antibody-producing cells secrete a myeloma protein , i.e. an abnormal antibody , into the blood ; this abnormal protein is usually found during standard ...
Monoclonal gammopathy, also known as paraproteinemia, is the presence of excessive amounts of myeloma protein or monoclonal gamma globulin in the blood. It is usually due to an underlying immunoproliferative disorder or hematologic neoplasms, especially multiple myeloma. It is sometimes considered equivalent to plasma cell dyscrasia.
Around 35,000 multiple myeloma cases are reported each year in the U.S. Older adults, men and people with obesity have a higher risk of the disease, though doctors are still trying to understand ...
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