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Recruited for Operation Pastorius were eight Germans who had lived in the United States. Two of them, Ernst Burger and Herbert Haupt, were American citizens.The others, George John Dasch, Edward John Kerling, Richard Quirin, Heinrich Harm Heinck, Hermann Otto Neubauer and Werner Thiel, had worked at various jobs in the United States.
Herbert Hans Haupt (December 21, 1919 – August 8, 1942) was an American spy and saboteur for Nazi Germany during World War II under Operation Pastorius.Haupt would become the only American to be executed by the United States for collaborating with the Axis powers.
During the German invasion of Poland, which started World War II, Nazi Germany carried out a number of atrocities involving Polish prisoners of war (POWs). The first documented massacres of Polish POWs took place as early as the first day of the war; [1]: 11 others followed (ex. the Serock massacre [] of 5 September).
Ernest Peter Burger (September 1, 1906 – October 9, 1975) was a German-American who was a saboteur for Germany during World War II who defected to the United States. A naturalized citizen of the United States who returned to Germany during the Great Depression, Burger was recruited along with seven others by the Abwehr for Operation Pastorius, which sought to sabotage targets in the United ...
The graves were originally marked by boards with numbers until a German-American organization placed a small monument commemorating their lives. [3] Prior to his execution, Kerling wrote a final letter to his wife: "Marie, my wife—I am with you to the last minute! This will help me to take it as a German! Even the heaven out there is dark.
George John Dasch (7 February 1903 – 1 November 1991) was a German agent who landed on American soil during World War II.He helped to destroy Nazi Germany's espionage program in the United States by defecting to the American cause, but was tried and convicted of espionage.
Richard Quirin (26 April 1908 – 8 August 1942) was a German agent executed as a spy for Nazi Germany in World War II. He was one of eight agents involved in Operation Pastorius , and gave his name to the Supreme Court decision on the trial, Ex parte Quirin .
Ex parte Quirin, 317 U.S. 1 (1942), was a case of the United States Supreme Court that during World War II upheld the jurisdiction of a United States military tribunal over the trial of eight German saboteurs, in the United States. [1] Quirin has been cited as a precedent for the trial by military commission of unlawful combatants.