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Major and minor third in a major chord: major third 'M' on bottom, minor third 'm' on top. Major and minor may also refer to scales and chords that contain a major third or a minor third, respectively. A major scale is a scale in which the third scale degree (the mediant) is a major third above the tonic note.
The harmonic major scale has its own set of modes, distinct from the harmonic minor, melodic minor, and major modes, depending on which note serves as the tonic.Below are the mode names, their degrees, and the following seventh chords that can be built using each modal tonic or degree of the parent mode as the root: a major seventh chord, a half-diminished seventh chord, a minor seventh chord ...
These chords are all borrowed from the key of E minor. Similarly, in minor keys, chords from the parallel major may also be "borrowed". For example, in E minor, the diatonic chord built on the fourth scale degree is IVm, or A minor. However, in practice, many songs in E minor will use IV (A major), which is borrowed from the key of E major.
Since the natural minor scale is built on the 6th degree of the major scale, the tonic of the relative minor is a major sixth above the tonic of the major scale. For instance, B minor is the relative minor of D major because the note B is a major sixth above D. As a result, the key signatures of B minor and D major both have two sharps (F ...
The chord, infrequent in rock and popular music, is "virtually always found on the fourth scale degree in the major mode", thus making the seventh of the chord the third of the scale and perhaps explaining the rarity of the chord, given the "propensity of the third scale degree to be lowered as a blues alteration."
In contrast, in the chord-scale system, a different scale is used for each chord in the progression (for example mixolydian scales on A, E, and D for chords A 7, E 7, and D 7, respectively). [5] Improvisation approaches may be mixed, such as using "the blues approach" for a section of a progression and using the chord-scale system for the rest. [6]
The seventh chords built on each scale degree follow a distinct pattern. The roman numeral analysis is shown in parentheses. 1st: Major seventh chord (IM 7) 2nd: minor seventh chord (ii 7) 3rd: minor seventh chord (iii 7) 4th: Major seventh chord (IVM 7) 5th: Dominant seventh chord (V 7) 6th: minor seventh chord (vi 7) 7th: half-diminished ...
An A-minor scale has the same pitches as the C major scale, because the C major and A minor keys are relative major and minor keys. A minor chord has the root and the fifth of the corresponding major chord, but its first interval is a minor third rather than a major third: