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As the Sun becomes 10% brighter about one billion years from now, the surface temperature of Earth will reach 47 °C (117 °F) (unless Albedo is increased sufficiently), causing the temperature of Earth to rise rapidly and its oceans to boil away until it becomes a greenhouse planet, similar to Venus today.
This occurs in 4.5 Gyrs in planets orbiting stars M1 and later, and in 1 Gyr in planets around stars M7 and later. [8] However, oceanic currents and wind can distribute heat evenly around a planet (any planet, not just an Earth-size one), warming the nightside past the freezing point of the atmosphere and cooling the dayside to below 100 °C.
Warming and cooling of air are well balanced, on average, so that the atmosphere maintains a roughly stable average temperature. [46]: 139 [63] Effect on surface cooling: Longwave radiation flows both upward and downward due to absorption and emission in the atmosphere. These canceling energy flows reduce radiative surface cooling (net upward ...
NASA's Juno spacecraft captured this view of Jupiter during the mission's 54th close flyby of the giant planet Sept. 7, 2023. ... as Earth’s orbit swings our planet between Jupiter and the sun ...
The composition of Jupiter's atmosphere is similar to that of the planet as a whole. [1] Jupiter's atmosphere is the most comprehensively understood of those of all the giant planets because it was observed directly by the Galileo atmospheric probe when it entered the Jovian atmosphere on December 7, 1995. [28]
Size of Jupiter compared to Earth and Earth's Moon. Jupiter is about ten times larger than Earth (11.209 R 🜨) and smaller than the Sun (0.102 76 R ☉). Jupiter's mass is 318 times that of Earth; [2] 2.5 times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined.
The closest in the past 1,000 years was in 1761, when Mars and Jupiter appeared to the naked eye as a single bright object, according to Giorgini. Looking ahead, the year 2348 will be almost as close.
The Earth spends less time near perihelion and more time near aphelion. This means that the lengths of the seasons vary. [ 15 ] Perihelion currently occurs around 3 January, so the Earth's greater velocity shortens winter and autumn in the northern hemisphere, and summer and spring in the southern hemisphere.