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Methylphosphonyl dichloride (DC) or dichloro is an organophosphorus compound. It has commercial application in oligonucleotide synthesis, [1] but is most notable as being a precursor to several chemical weapons agents. It is a white crystalline solid that melts slightly above room temperature. [2]
Methyldichlorophosphine is produced by alkylation of phosphorus trichloride with methyl iodide followed by reduction of the resulting phosphonium salt with iron powder: [2] [3]
It will react with thionyl chloride to produce methylphosphonic acid dichloride, which is used in the production of sarin and soman nerve agents. Various amines can be used to catalyse this process. [3] It can be used as a sarin-simulant for the calibration of organophosphorus detectors.
Phosphonic acids, typically handled as salts, are generally nonvolatile solids that are poorly soluble in organic solvents, but soluble in water and common alcohols. Many commercially important compounds are phosphonates, including glyphosate (the active molecule of the herbicide Roundup ), and ethephon , a widely used plant growth regulator.
Methylphosphonic acid is an organophosphorus compound with the chemical formula CH 3 P(O)(OH) 2. The phosphorus center is tetrahedral and is bonded to a methyl group, two OH groups and an oxygen. Methylphosphonic acid is a white, non-volatile solid that is poorly soluble in organic solvent but soluble in water and common alcohols.
Methylphosphonyl difluoride is both reactive and corrosive. It is absorbed through skin and causes burns and mild nerve agent symptoms. It reacts with water, producing HF fumes and methylphosphonic acid as a result. It is also capable of corroding glass.
The blue isomer is prepared by treating hydrated nickel chloride with triphenylphosphine in alcohols or glacial acetic acid: [1]. NiCl 2 •6H 2 O + 2 PPh 3 → NiCl 2 (PPh 3) 2 + 6 H 2 O ...
THPC can be synthesized with high yield by treating phosphine with formaldehyde in the presence of hydrochloric acid. [1]PH 3 + 4 H 2 C=O + HCl → [P(CH 2 OH) 4]Cl. The cation P(CH 2 OH) 4 + features four-coordinate phosphorus, as is typical for phosphonium salts.