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In mild disease, patients present with eyelid retraction. In fact, upper eyelid retraction is the most common ocular sign of Graves' orbitopathy. This finding is associated with lid lag on infraduction (Von Graefe's sign), eye globe lag on supraduction (Kocher's sign), a widened palpebral fissure during fixation (Dalrymple's sign) and an incapacity of closing the eyelids completely ...
Collier's sign (also known as Collier's tucked lid sign [1] or posterior fossa stare [2]) is bilateral or unilateral eyelid retraction. It is an accepted medical sign of a midbrain lesion, first described in 1927 by J Collier. [ 3 ]
Most frequent are symptoms due to conjunctival or corneal irritation: burning, photophobia, tearing, pain, and a gritty or sandy sensation. [4] Protruding eyeballs (known as proptosis and exophthalmos). Diplopia (double vision) is common. [4] Limitation of eye movement (due to impairment of eye muscle function).
Class 1: Only signs (limited to upper lid retraction and stare, with or without lid lag) Class 2: Soft tissue involvement (oedema of conjunctivae and lids, conjunctival injection, etc.) Class 3: Proptosis; Class 4: Extraocular muscle involvement (usually with diplopia) Class 5: Corneal involvement (primarily due to lagophthalmos)
Convergence-retraction nystagmus: Attempts at upward gaze often produce this phenomenon. On fast up-gaze, the eyes pull in and the globes retract. The easiest way to bring out this reaction is to ask the patient to follow down-going stripes on an optokinetic drum. [9] Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
Exophthalmos (also called exophthalmus, exophthalmia, proptosis, or exorbitism) is a bulging of the eye anteriorly out of the orbit. Exophthalmos can be either bilateral (as is often seen in Graves' disease) or unilateral (as is often seen in an orbital tumor). Complete or partial dislocation from the orbit is also possible from trauma or ...
bilateral ventricular assist device (left and right) BK: bradykinin: BKA: below-the-knee amputation: b/l: bilateral BL: Burkitt's lymphoma: bl.cult: blood culture: bld: blood: BLE: Bilateral Lower Extremity (in/on both legs). BLS: basic life support: BM: bone marrow bowel movement breast milk
It is a dynamic sign, whereas lid lag is a static sign which may also be present in cicatricial eyelid retraction or congenital ptosis. A pseudo Graefe's sign (pseudo lid lag) shows a similar lag, but is due to aberrant regeneration of fibres of the oculomotor nerve (III) into the elevator of the upper lid. [2] It occurs in paramyotonia ...