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Painting by Philippe de Champaigne showing Cardinal Richelieu on his deathbed. As he neared death, Richelieu faced a plot that threatened to remove him from power. The cardinal had introduced a young man named Henri Coiffier de Ruzé, marquis de Cinq-Mars to Louis XIII's court. [71] The cardinal had been a friend of Cinq-Mars's father. [71]
Louis turned now to Cardinal Richelieu as his advisor, who served as his first minister from 1624 until his death in 1642. Richelieu's foreign policy of struggle against the Habsburgs, who surrounded France on two fronts, inevitably created tension between Louis and Anne, who remained childless for another sixteen years.
The conspirators hatched a plot to assassinate Richelieu at Fleury-en-Bière, at his home, while Gaston was visiting him. During a feigned dispute between Gaston’s gentlemen, Chalais was to assassinate Richelieu with his sword. [7] However Chalais confided in his uncle, who ordered him to confess the whole affair to the king and the cardinal. [8]
Jules Mazarin [a] (born Giulio Raimondo Mazzarino [b] or Mazarini; [5] 14 July 1602 – 9 March 1661), from 1641 known as Cardinal Mazarin, was an Italian Catholic prelate, diplomat and politician who served as the chief minister to the Kings of France Louis XIII and Louis XIV from 1642 to his death. He was made a cardinal in 1641.
Louis XIII, his wife Anne, and Cardinal Richelieu became central figures in Alexandre Dumas, père's 1844 novel The Three Musketeers and subsequent television and film adaptations. The book depicts Louis as a man willing to have Richelieu as a powerful advisor but aware of his scheming; he is portrayed as bored and sour, dwarfed by Richelieu's ...
It effectively checked France's ability to exploit the Peace of Westphalia. Anne and Mazarin had largely pursued the policies of Cardinal Richelieu, augmenting the Crown's power at the expense of the nobility and the Parlements. Anne was more concerned with internal policy than foreign affairs; she was a very proud queen who insisted on the ...
Aug. 12, 2024, marks the 400th anniversary of Cardinal Richelieu assuming the post of the First Minister of France. Born in Paris in 1585, by 1608, the 21-year-old Armand Jean du Plessis became a ...
Shortly after the Musketeers were established, a second company was founded to report to Cardinal Richelieu. At the cardinal's death in 1642, the company passed to his successor Cardinal Mazarin, who disbanded his Musketeers in 1646. He revived the Musketeers in 1657 with a company of 150 men.