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In physics, the special theory of relativity, or special relativity for short, is a scientific theory of the relationship between space and time. In Albert Einstein 's 1905 paper, On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies , the theory is presented as being based on just two postulates : [ p 1 ] [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Special relativity is a theory of the structure of spacetime. It was introduced in Einstein's 1905 paper "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies" (for the contributions of many other physicists and mathematicians, see History of special relativity). Special relativity is based on two postulates which are contradictory in classical mechanics:
Relativity – theory of physics which describes the relationship between space and time. General Relativity – a geometric, non-quantum theory of gravitation. Special Relativity – a theory that describes the propagation of matter and light at high speeds. Other. Agrophysics – the study of physics applied to agroecosystems
General relativity is the geometrical theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1915/16. [9] [10] It unifies special relativity, Newton's law of universal gravitation, and the insight that gravitation can be described by the curvature of space and time.
There is Robertson's test theory (1949) which predicts different experimental results from Einstein's special relativity, and there is the Mansouri–Sexl theory (1977) which is equivalent to Robertson's theory. There is also Edward's theory (1963) which cannot be called a test theory because it is physically equivalent to special relativity. [16]
Vladimir Karapetoff (1944) "The special theory of relativity in hyperbolic functions", Reviews of Modern Physics 16:33–52, Abstract & link to pdf; Lanczos, Cornelius (1949), The Variational Principles of Mechanics, University of Toronto Press, pp. 304– 312 Also used biquaternions. French, Anthony (1968). Special Relativity. W. W. Norton ...
1. First postulate (principle of relativity) The laws of physics take the same form in all inertial frames of reference.. 2. Second postulate (invariance of c) . As measured in any inertial frame of reference, light is always propagated in empty space with a definite velocity c that is independent of the state of motion of the emitting body.
Accelerations in special relativity (SR) follow, as in Newtonian Mechanics, by differentiation of velocity with respect to time. Because of the Lorentz transformation and time dilation , the concepts of time and distance become more complex, which also leads to more complex definitions of "acceleration".