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Maroons played an important role in the histories of Brazil, Suriname, Puerto Rico, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Cuba, and Jamaica. There is much variety among maroon cultural groups because of differences in history, geography, African nationality, and the culture of indigenous people throughout the Western Hemisphere .
Brazilian Quilombolas during a meeting in the capital of Brazil, Brasília. A Quilombo in Amapá. A quilombo (Portuguese pronunciation: ⓘ); from the Kimbundu word kilombo, lit. ' war camp ') [1] is a Brazilian hinterland settlement founded by people of African origin, and others sometimes called Carabali.
A quilombola (Portuguese pronunciation: [kilõˈbɔlɐ]) is an Afro-Brazilian resident of quilombo settlements first established by escaped slaves in Brazil. They are the descendants of Afro-Brazilian slaves who escaped from slave plantations that existed in Brazil until abolition in 1888.
Palmares, or Quilombo dos Palmares, was a quilombo, a community of escaped slaves and others, in colonial Brazil that developed from 1605 until its suppression in 1694. It was located in the captaincy of Pernambuco, in what is today the Brazilian state of Alagoas.
Zumbi (c. 1655 – November 20, 1695), also known as Zumbi dos Palmares (Portuguese pronunciation: [zũˈbi dus pɐwˈmaɾis]), was a Brazilian quilombola leader and one of the pioneers of resistance to enslavement of Africans by the Portuguese in colonial Brazil.
Maroon Societies is a systematic study of the communities formed by escaped slaves in the Caribbean, Latin America, and the United States. These societies ranged from small bands that survived less than a year to powerful states encompassing thousands of members and surviving for generations and even centuries.
In 2020, the Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Affairs estimated the number of Brazilian Americans to be 1,775,000, 0.53% of the US population at the time. [2] However, the 2019 United States Census Bureau American Community Survey estimated that there were 499,272 Americans who would report Brazilian ancestry. [5]
The Birth of African-American Culture (with Sidney W. Mintz) 1992. Equatoria (with Sally Price) 1994. On the Mall (with Sally Price) 1995. Enigma Variations (with Sally Price) 1998. The Convict and The Colonel; 1999. Maroon Arts: Cultural Vitality in the African Diaspora (with Sally Price) 2003. Les Marrons (with Sally Price) 2003.