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These are biblical figures unambiguously identified in contemporary sources according to scholarly consensus.Biblical figures that are identified in artifacts of questionable authenticity, for example the Jehoash Inscription and the bullae of Baruch ben Neriah, or who are mentioned in ancient but non-contemporary documents, such as David and Balaam, [n 1] are excluded from this list.
According to Josephus, Baruch was a Jewish aristocrat, a son of Neriah and brother of Seraiah ben Neriah, chamberlain of King Zedekiah of Judah. [2] [3]Baruch became the scribe of the prophet Jeremiah and wrote down the first and second editions of his prophecies as they were dictated to him. [4]
In 1996, a second clay bulla emerged with an identical inscription, presumably stamped with the same seal. This bulla was also imprinted with a fingerprint; [3] Hershel Shanks, among others, speculated that the fingerprint might be that of Baruch himself. [4] The authenticity of these bullae, however, has been disputed. ibid.
2.30: The Kulamuwa Inscription: 654–655: Kilamuwa of Y'dy-Sam'al: Yehawmilk Stele: 2.32: The Inscription of King Yehawmilk: 656: Yehawmilk of Byblos: Stele of Zakkur: 2.35: The Inscription of Zakkur, King of Hamath: 655–656: Zakir of Hamat and Lu`ath: Ahiram sarcophagus: 2.55: The Sarcophagus Inscription of ‘Ahirom, King of Byblos: 661 ...
3 Baruch or the Greek Apocalypse of Baruch is a visionary, pseudepigraphic text written some time between the fall of Jerusalem to the Roman Empire in 70 AD [1] [2] [page needed] and the third century AD. [1] [3] Scholars disagree on whether it was written by a Jew or a Christian, or whether a clear distinction can be made in this era. [1]
According to Robert Deutsch, an archeologist who is also the antique dealer who sold the Ahaz bulla, most scholars believe the bullae to be authentic. [4] Others, such as Andrew Vaughn, agree that it would be difficult to fake a bulla, but do not rule out such a possibility, and in fact conclude that some bullae are forgeries.
Eilat Mazar (Hebrew: אילת מזר; 10 September 1956 – 25 May 2021) was an Israeli archaeologist.She specialized in Jerusalem and Phoenician archaeology. She was also a key person in Biblical archaeology noted for her discovery of the Large Stone Structure, which she surmised to be the palace of King David.
2 Baruch is a Jewish apocryphal text thought to have been written in the late 1st century CE or early 2nd century CE, after the destruction of the Temple in CE 70. It is attributed to the biblical figure Baruch ben Neriah (c. 6th century BC) and so is associated with the Old Testament, but not regarded as scripture by Jews or by most Christian groups.