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Generally, diseases outlined within the ICD-10 codes L80-L81 within Chapter XII: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue should be included in this category. Disturbances of human pigmentation, either loss or reduction, may be related to loss of melanocytes or the inability of melanocytes to produce melanin or transport melanosomes correctly.
The DSM-5 allows for diagnosis of the predominantly inattentive presentations of ADHD (ICD-10 code F90.0) if the individual presents six or more (five for adults) of the following symptoms of inattention for at least six months to a point that is disruptive and inappropriate for developmental level:
Griscelli syndrome is defined by the characteristic hypopigmentation, with frequent pyogenic infection, enlargement of the liver and spleen, a low blood neutrophil level, low blood platelet level, and immunodeficiency. Very often there is also impaired natural killer cell activity, absent delayed-type hypersensitivity and a poor cell ...
Hypopigmentation-immunodeficiency with or without neurologic impairment syndrome This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner Griscelli syndrome type 2 (also known as " partial albinism with immunodeficiency ") is a rare autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by variable cutenous albinism, silver colored metallic looking ...
In North America and Australia, DSM-5 criteria are used for diagnosis, while European countries usually use the ICD-10. The DSM-IV criteria for diagnosis of ADHD is 3–4 times more likely to diagnose ADHD than is the ICD-10 criteria. [217] ADHD is alternately classified as neurodevelopmental disorder [218] or a disruptive behaviour disorder ...
Hyperpigmentation results from an increase in melanin synthesis, which is mostly brought on by sun exposure, dermatological disorders, hormones, aging, genetic factors, skin injuries or inflammation, and acne. Sun exposure, which greatly increases the synthesis of melanin, is the most common cause of hyperpigmentation.
Cross syndrome (also known as "Cross–McKusick–Breen syndrome", "hypopigmentation and microphthalmia", and "oculocerebral-hypopigmentation syndrome") is an extremely rare disorder characterized by white skin, blond hair with yellow-gray metallic sheen, small eyes with cloudy corneas, jerky nystagmus, gingival fibromatosis and severe intellectual disability and physical retardation.
Hypopigmentation is characterized specifically as an area of skin becoming lighter than the baseline skin color, but not completely devoid of pigment. This is not to be confused with depigmentation , which is characterized as the absence of all pigment. [ 1 ]