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Shia Islam [a] is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib ( r. 656–661 ) as his successor ( khalifa ) as the imam , that is the spiritual and political leader of the Muslim community.
Jalayirid Sultanate (1335–1432 CE); Emirate of Al-Mukhtar Al-Thaqafi (685-687) Al-Mukhtar ruled most of Iraq, except for Basra.His rule also extended to Arminiya and Isfahan.
Shia in India faced persecution by some Sunni rulers and Mughal Emperors which resulted in the killings of Shia scholars like Qazi Nurullah Shustari [74] (also known as Shaheed-e-Thaalis, the third Martyr) and Mirza Muhammad Kamil Dehlavi [75] (also known as Shaheed-e- Rabay, the fourth Martyr) who are two of the five martyrs of Shia Islam ...
Shi‘a Islam, also known as Shi‘ite Islam or Shia, is the second largest branch of Islam after Sunni Islam. Shias adhere to the teachings of Muhammad and the religious guidance of his family (who are referred to as the Ahl al-Bayt ) or his descendants known as Shia Imams .
In the early 1990s, the leading marja', Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei, died and Ali al-Sistani, "emerged" as the marja al-mutlaq or highest Marja' in the world of Shia Islam. According to Mohamad Bazzi, Al-Sistani's word "on religious matters carries the most weight" among Shia.
Ayatollah (UK: / ˌ aɪ ə ˈ t ɒ l ə /, also US: / ˌ aɪ ə ˈ t oʊ l ə /; Arabic: اية الله, romanized: ʾāyatu llāh; Persian: آیتالله, romanized: âyatollâh [ɒːjjætˌolˈlɒːh]) is an honorific title for high-ranking Twelver Shia clergy. it came into widespread usage in the 20th century.
In Twelver Shia Islam, the Ancillaries of the Faith (Arabic: فروع الدين furūʿ ad-dīn) are a set of practices that Shia Muslims have to carry out. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] According to Twelver doctrine, what is referred to as pillars by Sunni Islam are called the practices or secondary principles or obligatory acts.
For instance, he did not condemn the first two caliphs, namely, Abu Bakr and Umar, [99] who are denounced in Shia Islam as usurpers of Ali ibn Abi Talib's right to the caliphate. [100] Such views, however, cost Zayd part of his support among Shias. [101] Zayd's rebellion marks the beginning of the Zaydi (Shia) movement. [92]