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Teleostei (/ ˌ t ɛ l i ˈ ɒ s t i aɪ /; Greek teleios "complete" + osteon "bone"), members of which are known as teleosts (/ ˈ t ɛ l i ɒ s t s, ˈ t iː l i-/), [4] is, by far, the largest group of ray-finned fishes (class Actinopterygii), [a] with 96% of all extant species of fish. The Teleostei, which is variously considered a division ...
The fish's hyomandibula bone in the hyoid region behind the gills diminished in size and became the stapes of the amphibian ear, an adaptation necessary for hearing on dry land. [24] An affinity between the amphibians and the teleost fish is the multi-folded structure of the teeth and the paired supra-occipital bones at the back of the head ...
As a result, 96% of living fish species are teleosts (40% of all fish species belong to the teleost subgroup Acanthomorpha), while all other groups of actinopterygians represent depauperate lineages. [26] The classification of ray-finned fishes can be summarized as follows: Cladistia, which include bichirs and reedfish; Actinopteri, which include:
The jaws were used in the buccal pump (observable in modern fish and amphibians) that pumps water across the gills of fish or air into the lungs in the case of amphibians. Over evolutionary time the more familiar use of jaws (to humans) in feeding was selected for and became a very important function in vertebrates.
Within cartilaginous fish, approximately 80% of the sharks, rays, and skates families survived the extinction event, [114] and more than 90% of teleost fish (bony fish) families survived. [115] There is evidence of a mass kill of bony fishes at a fossil site immediately above the K–T boundary layer on Seymour Island near Antarctica ...
The evolution of tetrapods began about 400 million years ago in the Devonian Period with the earliest tetrapods evolved from lobe-finned fishes. [1] Tetrapods (under the apomorphy-based definition used on this page) are categorized as animals in the biological superclass Tetrapoda, which includes all living and extinct amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
Neopterygii (from Greek νέος neos 'new' and πτέρυξ pteryx 'fin') is a subclass of ray-finned fish (Actinopterygii). Neopterygii includes the Holostei and the Teleostei, of which the latter comprise the vast majority of extant fishes, and over half of all living vertebrate species. [2]
Teleosteomorpha is a clade of ray-finned fishes containing all teleost fish and their closest extinct relatives. [1] Also in this group are two diverse Mesozoic fish orders, the Aspidorhynchiformes and the Pachycormiformes. [2]