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Depiction of the sin of Adam and Eve (The Garden of Eden with the Fall of Man by Jan Brueghel the Elder and Pieter Paul Rubens). Original sin (Latin: peccatum originale) in Christian theology refers to the condition of sinfulness that all humans share, which is inherited from Adam and Eve due to the Fall, involving the loss of original righteousness and the distortion of the Image of God. [1]
Sin of a mortal character is always committed with the consent of reason: "Because the consummation of sin is in the consent of reason"'. (cf. STh II–IIae q.35 a.3) Venial and mortal sins can be compared to sickness and death. While venial sin impairs full healthy activity of a person, mortal sin destroys the principle of spiritual life in ...
Augustine's interpretation of original sin suggests that all humans inherit a sinful nature due to the fall of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden. [5] Augustine's views have had a significant impact on Western Christianity, shaping both Roman Catholic and Protestant doctrines. [6]
For that reason, God bestowed mercy upon Adam and his children. Some Muslim scholars view Adam as an image for his descendants: humans sin, become aware of it, repent for their transgressions (tawba), and return to God. According to this interpretation, Adam embodies humanity and his Fall shows humans how to act whenever they sin. [63]: 194
The Wesleyan–Arminian theology of the Methodist Churches, inclusive of the Wesleyan-Holiness movement, teaches that humans, though being born with original sin, can turn to God as a result of prevenient grace and do good; this prevenient grace convicts humans of the necessity of the new birth, through which he is justified and regenerated. [11]
Judaism rejects the idea of original sin: it believes that humans enter the world pure, with the ability to choose either good or evil via their free will. [11] A person always has the power to avoid sin and its negative effects. [12] Due to free will, goodness is not impossible, only difficult at times.
Hieronymus Bosch's The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things. Catholic hamartiology is a branch of Catholic thought that studies sin.According to the Catholic Church, sin is an "utterance, deed, or desire," [1] caused by concupiscence, [2] that offends God, reason, truth, and conscience. [3]
The Eastern Orthodox Church presents a view of sin distinct from views found in Catholicism and in Protestantism, that sin is viewed primarily as a terminal spiritual sickness, rather than a state of guilt, a self-perpetuating illness which distorts the whole human being and energies, corrupts the Image of God inherent in those who bear the human nature, diminishes the divine likeness within ...