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Nurture is usually defined as the process of caring for an organism, as it grows, usually a human. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is often used in debates as the opposite of "nature", [ a ] whereby nurture means the process of replicating learned cultural information from one mind to another, and nature means the replication of genetic non-learned behavior.
For example, he speculated that a child who grows slowly might be cautious, even-tempered, and patient; whereas a child who develops more quickly might be more outgoing, happy, and quick to react. Gesell also believed that a child’s environment should be adjusted to his or her temperament and growth style.
Nature versus nurture is a long-standing debate in biology and society about the relative influence on human beings of their genetic inheritance (nature) and the environmental conditions of their development ().
Central to this theory is the use of negative and positive reinforcement to achieve desired results. This is commonly observed in classrooms, where teachers utilize consequence or reward systems to motivate a student to succeed. Skinner (1957) believed that this form of nurture justified language development in children. [3]
[18] [30] [31] [23] This traumatic experience can be child abuse and neglect. For example, Read found that 69% of women and 59% of male schizophrenia patients experienced childhood abuse (physical abuse, sexual abuse or both). [30] This experience impacts the early development of the brain. For example, disrupts the HPA, DA and hippocampal ...
Nature versus nurture,” a term coined by Francis Galton in the late 1800s, was an early and simple way of explaining human behavior. [6] In this model, child development into adolescence and adulthood can be explained either by intrinsic aspects of the child or by extrinsic factors influencing the child. [6]
Some child development studies that examine the effects of experience or heredity by comparing characteristics of different groups of children cannot use a randomized design; while other studies use randomized designs to compare outcomes for groups of children who receive different interventions or educational treatments. [56]
Wilhelm T. Preyer, a pioneer of child psychology, was heavily inspired by Darwin's work and approached the mental development of children from an evolutionary perspective. [ 14 ] However, evolutionary theory has had a limited impact on developmental psychology as a whole, [ 5 ] and some authors argue that even its early influence was minimal ...