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The proximal phalanges join with the metacarpals of the hand or metatarsals of the foot at the metacarpophalangeal joint or metatarsophalangeal joint. The intermediate phalanx is not only intermediate in location, but usually also in size. The thumb and large toe do not possess a middle phalanx.
As its name suggests, it opposes the thumb, bringing it against the fingers. This is a very important movement, as most of human hand dexterity including grip comes from this action. The abductor pollicis brevis originates on the scaphoid tubercle and the flexor retinaculum. It inserts to the radial sesamoid bone and the proximal phalanx of the ...
Has greater breadth in the distal phalanx than in the proximal phalanx; Is attached to such a mobile metacarpus (which produces most of the opposability) Curls horizontally instead of vertically; and hence the etymology of the word: *tum is Proto-Indo-European for 'swelling' (cf 'tumor' and 'thigh') since the thumb is the stoutest of the fingers.
Gamekeeper's thumb (also known as skier's thumb or UCL tear) is a type of injury to the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) of the thumb. The UCL may be merely stretched, or it may be torn from its insertion site into the proximal phalanx of the thumb. [ 1 ]
The useful range of motion of the PIP joint is 30–70°, increasing from the index finger to the little finger. During maximum flexion the base of the middle phalanx is firmly pressed into the retrocondylar recess of the proximal phalanx, which provides maximum stability to the joint.
Base of the proximal phalanx of thumb: Artery: Superficial palmar arch: Nerve: Recurrent branch of the median nerve: Actions: Abduction of the thumb by acting across the carpometacarpal joint and the metacarpophalangeal joint. It also assists in opposition and extension of the thumb. Antagonist: Adductor pollicis muscle: Identifiers; Latin
Thumb, proximal phalanx: Artery: Superficial palmar arch: Nerve: Recurrent branch of the median nerve, deep branch of ulnar nerve (medial head) Actions: Flexes the thumb at the first metacarpophalangeal joint: Antagonist: Extensor pollicis longus and brevis: Identifiers; Latin: musculus flexor pollicis brevis: TA98: A04.6.02.055: TA2: 2522: FMA ...
The metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) are situated between the metacarpal bones and the proximal phalanges of the fingers. [1] These joints are of the condyloid kind, formed by the reception of the rounded heads of the metacarpal bones into shallow cavities on the proximal ends of the proximal phalanges. [1]