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Polysomnography (PSG) is a multi-parameter type of sleep study [1] and a diagnostic tool in sleep medicine.The test result is called a polysomnogram, also abbreviated PSG.The name is derived from Greek and Latin roots: the Greek πολύς (polus for "many, much", indicating many channels), the Latin somnus ("sleep"), and the Greek γράφειν (graphein, "to write").
Polysomnography records several body functions during sleep, including brain activity, eye movement, oxygen and carbon dioxide blood levels, heart rate and rhythm, breathing rate and rhythm, the flow of air through the mouth and nose, snoring, body muscle movements, and chest and belly movement. [2]
Polysomnography, the "gold standard" method for sleep tracking that requires attaching electrodes and monitors to the patient as they sleep, was developed in the late 1950s. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] It is considered by sleep researchers as providing the most accurate sleep data, however, it is an expensive, often uncomfortable experience for patients ...
Electrode locations of International 10-20 system for encephalography recording. The 10–20 system or International 10–20 system is an internationally recognized method to describe and apply the location of scalp electrodes in the context of an EEG exam, polysomnograph sleep study, or voluntary lab research.
Pediatric polysomnography patient, Children's Hospital (Saint Louis), 2006. Somnology is the scientific study of sleep. It includes clinical study and treatment of sleep disorders and irregularities. Sleep medicine is a subset of somnology. Hypnology has a similar meaning but includes hypnotic phenomena. [1]
A hypnogram is a form of polysomnography; it is a graph that represents the stages of sleep as a function of time. It was developed as an easy way to present the recordings of the brain wave activity from an electroencephalogram (EEG) during a period of sleep.
The respiratory disturbance index (RDI)—or respiratory distress Index—is a formula used in reporting polysomnography (sleep study) findings. Like the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), it reports on respiratory distress events during sleep, but unlike the AHI, it also includes respiratory-effort related arousals (RERAs). [1]
Polysomnography and actigraphy are tests commonly ordered for diagnosing sleep disorders. Sleep disorders are broadly classified into dyssomnias , parasomnias , circadian rhythm sleep disorders involving the timing of sleep, and other disorders, including those caused by medical or psychological conditions.