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Inguinal hernias, in turn, belong to groin hernias, which also includes femoral hernias. A femoral hernia is not via the inguinal canal, but via the femoral canal, which normally allows passage of the common femoral artery and vein from the pelvis to the leg. In Amyand's hernia, the content of the hernial sac is the appendix.
by excessive production of fluid within the sac, e.g. secondary hydrocele; through defective absorption of fluid [citation needed] by interference with lymphatic drainage of scrotal structures as in case of elephantiasis; by connection with a hernia of the peritoneal cavity in the congenital variety, which presents as hydrocele of the cord
A pantaloon hernia (or saddlebag hernia) is a combined direct and indirect hernia when the hernial sac protrudes on either side of the inferior epigastric vessels. Additionally, though very rare, two or more indirect hernias may appear together such as in a double indirect hernia .
A hernia that exits the abdominal cavity directly through the deep layers of the abdominal wall, thereby bypassing the inguinal canal, is known as a direct inguinal hernia. In males with strong presentation of the cremasteric reflex , the testes can—during supine sexual activity or manual manipulation—partially or fully retract into the ...
Unlike hernias in adults, these hernias involve the failure of the peritoneum, the sac that encloses the intestines, to close properly, resulting in an opening between the abdomen and scrotum. Detecting an inguinal hernia is typically characterized by a noticeable bulge in the groin or scrotum, which may vary in size.
Amyand's hernia is a rare form of an inguinal hernia (less than 1% of inguinal hernias) [2] which occurs when the appendix is included in the hernial sac and becomes incarcerated. The condition is an eponymous disease named after a French surgeon , Claudius Amyand (1660–1740), [ 3 ] who performed the first successful appendectomy in 1735.
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