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Depending on the need to test for specific diseases such as ascites, special tests may be performed as a part of the physical examination. [2] An abdominal examination may be performed because the physician suspects a disease of the organs inside the abdominal cavity (including the liver, spleen, large or small intestines), or simply as a part ...
In medicine, Carnett's sign is a finding on clinical examination in which abdominal pain remains unchanged or increases when the muscles of the abdominal wall are tensed. [1] [2] For this part of the abdominal examination, the patient can be asked to lift the head and shoulders from the examination table to tense the abdominal muscles.
The psoas sign, also known as Cope's sign (or Cope's psoas test [1]) or Obraztsova's sign, [2] is a medical sign that indicates irritation to the iliopsoas group of hip flexors in the abdomen, and consequently indicates that the inflamed appendix is retrocaecal in orientation (as the iliopsoas muscle is retroperitoneal).
In medicine, Murphy's sign (also known as Sweeney’s sign) is a maneuver during a physical examination as part of the abdominal examination. [1] It is useful for differentiating pain in the right upper quadrant. Typically, it is positive in cholecystitis, but negative in choledocholithiasis, pyelonephritis, and ascending cholangitis.
[3] [4] [1] The test is most commonly performed by placing the stethoscope below the xiphoid process and lightly scratching the skin parallel to the expected liver edge. The examiner begins scratching in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen along the midclavicular line and moves superiorly until the sound abruptly increases in volume.
48 (4): 314– 8. PMID 11146592: dorsiflexion of the hallux with fanning of the remaining phalanges upon soft stimulation of the lateral plantar surface of the foot Bainbridge reflex: Francis Arthur Bainbridge: cardiology: normal physiology: increase in heart rate with increase in circulating blood volume Balbiani rings
[1] [2] The division into four quadrants allows the localisation of pain and tenderness, scars, lumps, and other items of interest, narrowing in on which organs and tissues may be involved. The quadrants are referred to as the left lower quadrant, left upper quadrant, right upper quadrant and right lower quadrant.
Castell's sign [1] is a medical sign assessed to evaluate splenomegaly and typically part of an abdominal examination. It is an alternative physical examination maneuver to percussion over Traube's space. Splenomegaly, although associated with numerous diseases, remains one of the more elusive physical exam findings in the abdomen.