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A resistor–capacitor circuit (RC circuit), or RC filter or RC network, is an electric circuit composed of resistors and capacitors. It may be driven by a voltage or current source and these will produce different responses. A first order RC circuit is composed of one resistor and one capacitor and is the simplest type of RC circuit.
The RC time constant, denoted τ (lowercase tau), the time constant (in seconds) of a resistor–capacitor circuit (RC circuit), is equal to the product of the circuit resistance (in ohms) and the circuit capacitance (in farads):
An RC circuit sets the output pulse's duration as the time in seconds it takes to charge C to 2 ⁄ 3 V CC: [16] t = ln ( 3 ) ⋅ R ⋅ C , {\displaystyle t=\ln(3)\cdot R\cdot C,} where R {\displaystyle R} is the resistance in ohms , C {\displaystyle C} is the capacitance in farads , ln ( 3 ) {\displaystyle \ln(3)} is the natural log of ...
Figure 1: Simple RC circuit and auxiliary circuits to find time constants. Figure 1 shows a simple RC low-pass filter. Its transfer function is found using Kirchhoff's current law as follows. At the output, = , where V 1 is the voltage at the top of capacitor C 1. At the center node:
Angle notation can easily describe leading and lagging current: . [1] In this equation, the value of theta is the important factor for leading and lagging current. As mentioned in the introduction above, leading or lagging current represents a time shift between the current and voltage sine curves, which is represented by the angle by which the curve is ahead or behind of where it would be ...
Rise time is an analog parameter of fundamental importance in high speed electronics, since it is a measure of the ability of a circuit to respond to fast input signals. [8] There have been many efforts to reduce the rise times of circuits, generators, and data measuring and transmission equipment.
Another common design is the "Twin-T" oscillator as it uses two "T" RC circuits operated in parallel. One circuit is an R-C-R "T" which acts as a low-pass filter. The second circuit is a C-R-C "T" which operates as a high-pass filter. Together, these circuits form a bridge which is tuned at the desired frequency of oscillation.
Figure 1: Schematic of an electrical circuit illustrating current division. Notation R T refers to the total resistance of the circuit to the right of resistor R X.. In electronics, a current divider is a simple linear circuit that produces an output current (I X) that is a fraction of its input current (I T).