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Ankylosaurus [nb 1] is a genus of armored dinosaur.Its fossils have been found in geological formations dating to the very end of the Cretaceous Period, about 68–66 million years ago, in western North America, making it among the last of the non-avian dinosaurs.
As some analyses, like that of Carpenter from 2001 or David B. Norman in 2021 find Scelidosaurus and possibly other early forms like Emausaurus and Scutellosaurus to fall closer to Ankylosaurus than Stegosaurus, Carpenter and later Norman suggested redefining Ankylosauria to limit it to the two subclades Nodosauridae and Ankylosauridae ...
Among the ankylosaurids, Euoplocephalus was exceeded in size only by Ankylosaurus, and perhaps Tarchia and Cedarpelta. Euoplocephalus was about 5.3 metres (17 ft) long and weighed about 2 metric tons (2.2 short tons). [1] Like other ankylosaurids, it had a very broad and flat low-slung torso, about four feet high, positioned on four short legs.
Skull of first known ankylosaurid specimen, belonging to Ankylosaurus. Barnum Brown and Peter Kaisen discovered the first ankylosaurid genus, Ankylosaurus, in 1906 in the Hell Creek Beds in Montana. [4] The fossil material they found was a portion of the skull, two teeth, some vertebrae, a distorted scapula, ribs and more than thirty osteoderms ...
Polacanthus, deriving its name from the Ancient Greek polys-/πολύς-"many" and akantha/ἄκανθα "thorn" or "prickle", [5] is an early armoured, spiked, plant-eating ankylosaurian dinosaur from the early Cretaceous period of England.
In response to such findings, Purnell said preserved stomach contents are questionable because they do not necessarily represent the usual diet of the animal. The issue remains a subject of debate. [6] Coprolites (fossilized droppings) of some Late Cretaceous hadrosaurs show that the animals sometimes deliberately ate rotting wood.
Tarchia was a medium-sized ankylosaur, measuring around 5.5–6 metres (18–20 ft) long and weighing up to 2.5–3 metric tons (2.8–3.3 short tons). [9] [10] If ZPAL MgD I/113 indeed belongs to the genus, it would have belonged to an individual measuring 5.8–6.7 metres (19–22 ft) long.
Antarctopelta (ann-TARK-toh-PEL-tə; meaning 'Antarctic shield') is a genus of ankylosaurian dinosaur, a group of large, quadrupedal herbivores, that lived during the Maastrichtian stage of the Late Cretaceous period on what is now James Ross Island, Antarctica.