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2. Solid of revolution - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_of_revolution

   Two common methods for finding the volume of a solid of revolution are the disc method and the shell method of integration.To apply these methods, it is easiest to draw the graph in question; identify the area that is to be revolved about the axis of revolution; determine the volume of either a disc-shaped slice of the solid, with thickness δx, or a cylindrical shell of width δx; and then ...

3. Rotational symmetry - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotational_symmetry

   Rotational symmetry, also known as radial symmetry in geometry, is the property a shape has when it looks the same after some rotation by a partial turn. An object's degree of rotational symmetry is the number of distinct orientations in which it looks exactly the same for each rotation.

4. Pappus's centroid theorem - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pappus's_centroid_theorem

   The theorem applied to an open cylinder, cone and a sphere to obtain their surface areas. The centroids are at a distance a (in red) from the axis of rotation.. In mathematics, Pappus's centroid theorem (also known as the Guldinus theorem, Pappus–Guldinus theorem or Pappus's theorem) is either of two related theorems dealing with the surface areas and volumes of surfaces and solids of ...

5. Torus - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torus

   The standard 1-torus is just the circle: T 1 = S 1. The torus discussed above is the standard 2-torus, T 2. And similar to the 2-torus, the n-torus, T n can be described as a quotient of R n under integral shifts in any coordinate. That is, the n-torus is R n modulo the action of the integer lattice Z n (with the

6. Turn (angle) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turn_(angle)

   The turn (symbol tr or pla) is a unit of plane angle measurement that is the measure of a complete angle—the angle subtended by a complete circle at its center. One turn is equal to 2π radians, 360 degrees or 400 gradians.

7. Elementary mathematics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementary_mathematics

   A perimeter is a path that surrounds a two-dimensional shape. The term may be used either for the path or its length - it can be thought of as the length of the outline of a shape. The perimeter of a circle or ellipse is called its circumference. Area is the quantity that expresses the extent of a two-dimensional figure or shape.