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In 493 AD, Victorius of Aquitaine wrote a 98-column multiplication table which gave (in Roman numerals) the product of every number from 2 to 50 times and the rows were "a list of numbers starting with one thousand, descending by hundreds to one hundred, then descending by tens to ten, then by ones to one, and then the fractions down to 1/144 ...
The closeness of a match is measured in terms of the number of primitive operations necessary to convert the string into an exact match. This number is called the edit distance between the string and the pattern. The usual primitive operations are: [1] insertion: cot → coat; deletion: coat → cot; substitution: coat → cost
agrep (approximate grep) is an open-source approximate string matching program, developed by Udi Manber and Sun Wu between 1988 and 1991, [1] for use with the Unix operating system. It was later ported to OS/2 , DOS , and Windows .
Best rational approximants for π (green circle), e (blue diamond), ϕ (pink oblong), (√3)/2 (grey hexagon), 1/√2 (red octagon) and 1/√3 (orange triangle) calculated from their continued fraction expansions, plotted as slopes y/x with errors from their true values (black dashes)
All ABC-based methods approximate the likelihood function by simulations, the outcomes of which are compared with the observed data. [ 19 ] [ 11 ] [ 20 ] [ 21 ] [ 22 ] More specifically, with the ABC rejection algorithm — the most basic form of ABC — a set of parameter points is first sampled from the prior distribution.
Plimpton 322 is a Babylonian clay tablet, believed to have been written around 1800 BC, that contains a mathematical table written in cuneiform script.Each row of the table relates to a Pythagorean triple, that is, a triple of integers (,,) that satisfies the Pythagorean theorem, + =, the rule that equates the sum of the squares of the legs of a right triangle to the square of the hypotenuse.
The top-seeded Alcaraz won 6-4, 3-6, 6-2 to become the first Spanish champion in the tournament’s 52-year history. It was a 17th title for the 21-year-old Alcaraz but his first indoor one.
Multiplying a matrix M by either or on either the left or the right will permute either the rows or columns of M by either π or π −1.The details are a bit tricky. To begin with, when we permute the entries of a vector (, …,) by some permutation π, we move the entry of the input vector into the () slot of the output vector.