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Cyproheptadine, sold under the brand name Periactin among others, is a first-generation antihistamine with additional anticholinergic, antiserotonergic, and local anesthetic properties. It was patented in 1959 and came into medical use in 1961. [ 5 ]
Cyproheptadine blocks 5-HT 2A, H1 and is a mild anticholinergic. Methysergide is a 5-HT 2A antagonist and nonselective 5-HT 1 receptor blocker. It causes retroperitoneal fibrosis and mediastinal fibrosis. [citation needed] Quetiapine blocks 5-HT 2A, 5-HT 1A, dopamine receptors D 1 and D 2, histamine receptor H1, and A1 adrenoreceptors.
All three of these agents, pizotifen, cyproheptadine, and clozapine act as non-selective monoamine receptor antagonists. [10] Pizotifen also fully blocks the effects of serotonergic psychedelics , including LSD , mescaline , 5-MeO-DMT , and DOM , in drug discrimination tests.
AH-1058 is a lipophilic antiarrhythmic calcium channel blocker synthesized by the Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories of Ajinomoto Co., Inc in Kawasaki, Japan. [1] It is derived from cyproheptadine, a compound with known antiserotonic, antihistaminic and calcium channel blocking properties.
The serotonin antagonist cyproheptadine is the recommended initial therapy, although there have been no controlled trials demonstrating its efficacy for SS. [9] [69] [70] Despite the absence of controlled trials, there are a number of case reports detailing apparent improvement after people have been administered cyproheptadine. [9]
Apetamin is a potentially dangerous figure-augmentation product. [1] [2] It is a syrup containing cyproheptadine, the amino acid lysine, and some vitamins.Cyproheptadine, the active ingredient, is an antihistamine and a hepatotoxin that has many effects on the body, including increased appetite, fatigue, and drowsiness. [3]
Promethazine and other first generation antihistamines with a tricyclic structure were discovered in the 1940s.; Chlorpromazine, derived from promethazine originally as a sedative, was found to have neuroleptic properties in the early 1950s, and was the first typical antipsychotic.
Benzocycloheptenes are cycloheptenes with additional benzene rings attached. Most have two benzene rings, and are called dibenzocycloheptenes.. Some benzocycloheptenes and substituted benzocycloheptenes have medical uses as antihistamines, anticholinergics, antidepressants, and antiserotonergics.