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Optical flow or optic flow is the pattern of apparent motion of objects, surfaces, and edges in a visual scene caused by the relative motion between an observer and a scene. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Optical flow can also be defined as the distribution of apparent velocities of movement of brightness pattern in an image.
More often than not, the term motion estimation and the term optical flow are used interchangeably. [citation needed] It is also related in concept to image registration and stereo correspondence. [1] In fact all of these terms refer to the process of finding corresponding points between two images or video frames. The points that correspond to ...
In computer vision, the Lucas–Kanade method is a widely used differential method for optical flow estimation developed by Bruce D. Lucas and Takeo Kanade.It assumes that the flow is essentially constant in a local neighbourhood of the pixel under consideration, and solves the basic optical flow equations for all the pixels in that neighbourhood, by the least squares criterion.
The Horn-Schunck algorithm assumes smoothness in the flow over the whole image. Thus, it tries to minimize distortions in flow and prefers solutions which show more smoothness. The flow is formulated as a global energy functional which is then sought to be minimized. This function is given for two-dimensional image streams as:
Particle image velocimetry (PIV) is a non-intrusive optical flow measurement technique used to study fluid flow patterns and velocities. PIV has found widespread applications in various fields of science and engineering, including aerodynamics, combustion, oceanography, and biofluids.
The optical flow vector of a moving object in a video sequence. In robotics and computer vision, visual odometry is the process of determining the position and orientation of a robot by analyzing the associated camera images.
In computer vision, the motion field is an ideal representation of motion in three-dimensional space (3D) as it is projected onto a camera image. Given a simplified camera model, each point (,) in the image is the projection of some point in the 3D scene but the position of the projection of a fixed point in space can vary with time.
Visulization of flux through differential area and solid angle. As always ^ is the unit normal to the incident surface A, = ^, and ^ is a unit vector in the direction of incident flux on the area element, θ is the angle between them.