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Flow measurement is the quantification of bulk fluid ... Three holes arranged in a line allow the pressure probes to measure the velocity vector in two dimensions ...
Mass flow rate is defined by the limit [3] [4] ˙ = =, i.e., the flow of mass m through a surface per unit time t. The overdot on the m is Newton's notation for a time derivative . Since mass is a scalar quantity, the mass flow rate (the time derivative of mass) is also a scalar quantity.
In hydrometry, the volumetric flow rate is known as discharge. Volumetric flow rate should not be confused with volumetric flux, as defined by Darcy's law and represented by the symbol q, with units of m 3 /(m 2 ·s), that is, m·s −1. The integration of a flux over an area gives the volumetric flow rate. The SI unit is cubic metres per ...
Informally, a flow may be viewed as a continuous motion of points over time. More formally, a flow is a group action of the real numbers on a set. The idea of a vector flow, that is, the flow determined by a vector field, occurs in the areas of differential topology, Riemannian geometry and Lie groups.
Let V be a smooth vector field on a smooth manifold M. There is a unique maximal flow D → M whose infinitesimal generator is V. Here D ⊆ R × M is the flow domain. For each p ∈ M the map D p → M is the unique maximal integral curve of V starting at p. A global flow is one whose flow domain is all of R × M. Global flows define smooth ...
Vorticity is useful for understanding how ideal potential flow solutions can be perturbed to model real flows. In general, the presence of viscosity causes a diffusion of vorticity away from the vortex cores into the general flow field; this flow is accounted for by a diffusion term in the vorticity transport equation. [8]
It's awards season for college football. Here's a list of the award winners in 2024.
A velocity-type meter measures the velocity of flow through a meter of known internal capacity. The speed of the flow can then be converted into a volume of flow to determine the usage. There are several types of meters that measure water flow velocity, including jet meters (single-jet and multi-jet), turbine meters, propeller meters and mag ...
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