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Santería is a practice-oriented religion; ritual correctness is considered more important than belief. [159] It has an elaborate system of ritual, [160] with its rites termed ceremonias (ceremonies). [161] Most of its activities revolve around the oricha, [136] focusing on solving the problems of everyday life. [144]
The annual celebration of one's initiation into the religion is known as the cumpleaños de santo ("birthday in the saint"). [66] As an initiate becomes more deeply involved in the religion, they learn about each of the different deities and make offerings to each of them in exchange for spiritual blessings and aché. [33]
Most adhered to a complex system of belief and ritual, now known as Yoruba traditional religion, that had developed among the Yoruba city-states. [15] Much orisha worship was rooted in localised tradition, however certain orisha were worshipped widely, due in part to the extent and influence of the Yoruba-led Oyo Empire . [ 16 ]
(In 1989, it was believed that more than 70 million individuals in Africa and the New World participated in Yoruba religion in one way or another.) [2] The most prevalent West African religions, both in Africa and the Americas, are often those of the Yoruba people or those that were influenced by them. These West African religions also have ...
Ifá is a Divination system and a Religious text [1] in Yoruba Religion, originating from Yorubaland in West Africa. It originates within the traditional religion of the Yoruba people, and is also practised by followers of West African and African diasporic religions like Cuban Santería. Ifá is an ancient divination system originating from ...
Santería: the Religion: Faith, Rites, Magic, Llewellyn Publications: 2002 ISBN 9781567183290 Cabala para el mundo moderno Powers of the Orishas: Santeria and The Worship of Saints
Newly initiated Babaaláwos are taught patakís and other secrets of the religion by Padrinos and for their first years study quite intensely. Aside from libretas, which are private religious notebooks used for passing down rituals and traditions, there is a slight distrust for things written in a book.
Cowrie-shell divination refers to several distinct forms of divination using cowrie shells that are part of the rituals and religious beliefs of certain religions. Though best-documented in West Africa as well as in Afro-American religions, such as Regla de Ocha, Candomblé, and Umbanda, [1] [2] [3] cowrie-shell divination has also been recorded in India, East Africa, and other regions.