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  2. Divisibility rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divisibility_rule

    To test for divisibility by D, where D ends in 1, 3, 7, or 9, the following method can be used. [12] Find any multiple of D ending in 9. (If D ends respectively in 1, 3, 7, or 9, then multiply by 9, 3, 7, or 1.) Then add 1 and divide by 10, denoting the result as m. Then a number N = 10t + q is divisible by D if and only if mq + t is divisible ...

  3. Hydraulic jumps in rectangular channels - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_Jumps_in...

    This can be seen in Figure 6 by the decrease in depth from y 1,q=30 to y 1,q=10 and the increase in depth between y 2,q=30 and y 2,q=10. From this analysis of the change in depth due to a change in flow rate, we can also imagine that the energy lost in a jump with a value of q = 10 ft 2 /s would be different from that of a jump with q = 30 ft 2 /s.

  4. Arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic

    For instance, if the number π is rounded to 4 decimal places, the result is 3.142 because the following digit is a 5, so 3.142 is closer to π than 3.141. [107] These methods allow computers to efficiently perform approximate calculations on real numbers.

  5. French catheter scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_catheter_scale

    The French scale measures and is proportional to the outer diameter of a catheter, with 1 French (Fr) defined as 13 millimeter, making the relationship: 1 mm = 3 Fr. Thus, the outer diameter of a catheter in millimeters can be calculated by dividing the French size by 3. [ 2 ]

  6. Floating-point arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floating-point_arithmetic

    For example, the following algorithm is a direct implementation to compute the function A(x) = (x−1) / (exp(x−1) − 1) which is well-conditioned at 1.0, [nb 12] however it can be shown to be numerically unstable and lose up to half the significant digits carried by the arithmetic when computed near 1.0.

  7. Arithmetic coding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_coding

    If the intervals are readjusted for these frequencies, the entropy of the message would be 4.755 bits and the same NEUTRAL NEGATIVE END-OF-DATA message could be encoded as intervals [0, 1/3); [1/9, 2/9); [5/27, 6/27); and a binary interval of [0.00101111011, 0.00111000111).

  8. Order of magnitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_magnitude

    For example, 1 and 1.02 are within an order of magnitude. So are 1 and 2, 1 and 9, or 1 and 0.2. However, 1 and 15 are not within an order of magnitude, since their ratio is 15/1 = 15 > 10. The reciprocal ratio, 1/15, is less than 0.1, so the same result is obtained.

  9. Equals sign - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equals_sign

    1 + 2 = 3, 3 + 3 = 6, 6 + 4 = 10, 10 + 5 = 15. This difficulty results from subtly different uses of the sign in education. In early, arithmetic-focused grades, the equal sign may be operational ; like the equal button on an electronic calculator, it demands the result of a calculation.