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The reaction has been the subject of several literature reviews. [1] [2] [3] The Nef reaction: 1. Salt of a nitroalkane 3. Ketone 4. Nitrous oxide. The reaction was reported in 1894 by the chemist John Ulric Nef, [4] who treated the sodium salt of nitroethane with sulfuric acid resulting in an 85–89% yield of nitrous oxide and at least 70% ...
Alternatively, nitroethane can be produced by the Victor Meyer reaction of haloethanes such as chloroethane, bromoethane, or iodoethane with silver nitrite in diethyl ether or THF. The Kornblum modification of this reaction uses sodium nitrite in either a dimethyl sulfoxide or dimethylformamide solvent.
The reaction produces fragments from the parent alkane, creating a diverse mixture of products; for instance, nitromethane, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane, and 2-nitropropane are produced by treating propane with nitric acid in the gas phase (e.g. 350–450 °C and 8–12 atm).
The reduction of nitro compounds are chemical reactions of wide interest in organic chemistry. The conversion can be effected by many reagents. The nitro group was one of the first functional groups to be reduced. Alkyl and aryl nitro compounds behave differently.
Nitromethane, sometimes shortened to simply "nitro", is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH 3 NO 2.It is the simplest organic nitro compound.It is a polar liquid commonly used as a solvent in a variety of industrial applications such as in extractions, as a reaction medium, and as a cleaning solvent.
The first synthesis was described by Wilhelm Will in 1914, using the reaction between the potassium salt of tetranitroethane with nitric acid. [2] C 2 (NO 2) 4 K 2 + 4 HNO 3 → C 2 (NO 2) 6 + 2 KNO 3 + 2 H 2 O. A practicable method for industrial use starts with furfural, [3] which first undergoes oxidative ring-opening by bromine to ...
It can be synthesized from syringaldehyde by reaction with allyl iodide followed by condensation with nitroethane and reduction. [1] The hydrochloride salt is a white crystal with a melting point of 180–181°C. [2]
Reactions with SnCl 4 and NaN 3 instead lead to the hexaazido Na 2 Sn(N 3) 6, a far more stable compound than its analogues in group 14. [58] The salt is only slightly water sensitive and deflagrates in a flame test. Low valent stannates of the type [Sn(N 3) 3]-have been synthesized and just like the analogous germanates are very sensitive ...