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DU145, PC3, and LNCaP are considered to be the standard prostate cancer cell lines used in therapeutic research. [ 1 ] The DU145 cell line was derived from a central nervous system metastasis , of primary prostate adenocarcinoma origin, removed during a parieto-occipital craniotomy of a 69-year-old, White, male.
PROSTVAC is being developed in partnership with the National Cancer Institute under a formal Cooperative Research and Development Agreement and has been the subject of multiple ongoing and completed clinical studies, including the global Phase 3 PROSPECT study underway in patients with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic prostate cancer (mCRPC). [2]
The PI3K pathway is a major source of drug resistance in prostate cancer. This is particularly true in castration-resistant prostate cancer, where tumours become resistant to androgen-deprivation therapy , which block the tumours ability to utilise the hormone androgen to grow. [ 17 ]
Prostate cancer is the most diagnosed cancer in men in over half of the world's countries, and the leading cause of cancer death in men in around a quarter of countries. [91] Prostate cancer is rare in those under 40 years old, [92] and most cases occur in those over 60 years, [2] with the average person diagnosed at 67. [93]
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common form of non-cutaneous malignant cancer in males, and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in males. [12] PC3 cells have been utilized to research aggressive and castration-resistant forms of pancreatic cancer.
In prostate cancer, removal of testicular T through castration (surgical or chemical removal or inactivation of testicles) helps eliminate the growth-promoting effects of androgens. [79] However, in some cases, metastatic tumors can develop into castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). [ 80 ]
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