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Tuttle, William M. Race Riot: Chicago in the Red Summer of 1919 (1970). Weems Jr, Robert E. The Merchant Prince of Black Chicago: Anthony Overton and the Building of a Financial Empire (U of Illinois Press, 2020). West, E. James. A House for the Struggle: The Black Press and the Built Environment in Chicago ( U of Illinois Press, 2022).
However, in the early 20th-century, Chicago beaches were unofficially racially segregated. [19] African Americans had a long history in Chicago, with the city sending Illinois's first African-American representative, John W. E. Thomas , to the state legislature in 1876, but even so, the community had been relatively small through the 19th century.
African Americans have significantly contributed to the history, culture, and development of Illinois since the early 18th century. The African American presence dates back to the French colonial era where the French brought black slaves to the U.S. state of Illinois early in its history, [3] and spans periods of slavery, migration, civil rights movement, and more.
In 1922, Genevieve Forbes took Tribune readers on an armchair tour of Chicago’s demimonde. She regularly covered crime and high society, but it was a slow news day. So she wrote about black and ...
The Chicago Public Schools boycott, also known as Freedom Day, was a mass boycott and demonstration against the segregationist policies of the Chicago Public Schools (CPS) on October 22, 1963. [1] More than 200,000 students stayed out of school, and tens of thousands of Chicagoans joined in a protest that culminated in a march to the office of ...
The Great Migration was the movement of more than one million African Americans out of rural Southern United States from 1914 to 1940. Most African Americans who participated in the migration moved to large industrial cities such as New York City, Chicago, Philadelphia, Detroit, Cincinnati, Cleveland, St. Louis, Kansas City, Missouri, Boston, Baltimore, Pittsburgh, Los Angeles, Washington, D.C ...
Long before Chicago police Officer Jason Van Dyke shot and killed a black teenager, sparking a public outcry and now a Justice Department probe into the city’s troubled police department, he had established a track record as one of Chicago’s most complained-about cops. Since 2001, civilians have lodged 20 complaints against Van Dyke. None ...
The Mayors: The Chicago Political Tradition (1995); essays by scholars covering important mayors before 1980; Green, Paul M., and Melvin G. Holli. Chicago, World War II (2003) excerpt and text search; short and heavily illustrated; Gustaitis, Joseph. Chicago's Greatest Year, 1893: The White City and the Birth of a Modern Metropolis (2013) online