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Cerebral edema is a major cause of brain damage and contributes significantly to the mortality of ischemic strokes and traumatic brain injuries. [4] [9] As cerebral edema is present with many common cerebral pathologies, the epidemiology of the disease is not easily defined. [1]
High-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) is a medical condition in which the brain swells with fluid because of the physiological effects of traveling to a high altitude. It generally appears in patients who have acute mountain sickness and involves disorientation, lethargy, and nausea among other symptoms.
ICP correlates with intraocular pressure (IOP) but seems to lack the accuracy necessary for close management of intracranial pressure in the acute post-traumatic period. [7] Papilledema (swelling of the optic disc) can be a reliable sign of elevated ICP. Unlike other conditions that may result in the swelling of the optic disc, it is in the ...
Cerebral edema is mainly classified into cytotoxic edema, vasogenic edema and interstitial edema. Cytotoxic edema affects both the white and gray matter and results from the swelling of cellular elements such as neurons, glia and endothelial cells. Vasogenic edema affects white matter and results from blood brain barrier (BBB) breakdown ...
ARIA-E refers to cerebral edema, involving the breakdown of the tight endothelial junctions of the blood-brain barrier and subsequent accumulation of fluid. [3] In a double-blind trial of the humanised monoclonal antibody solanezumab (n = 2042), sixteen patients (11 taking the drug, 5 taking a placebo), or 0.78% developed ARIA-E.
Of this group surveyed, 62% identified proper post concussion management and this lack of proper post concussion management could lead to SIS. [43] Both direct blows to the head and blows to the body can produce subdural hematomas, diffuse cerebral edema, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and ischemic stroke, all pathologies that can lead to death. [40]
Lee's death was officially ruled the result of cerebral edema — swelling of the brain. While a normal human brain is about 3 pounds, Lee's was reportedly closer to 3½ pounds.
Another factor in secondary injury is loss of cerebral autoregulation, the ability of the brain's blood vessels to regulate cerebral blood flow. [5] Other factors in secondary damage are breakdown of the blood–brain barrier, edema, ischemia and hypoxia. [15] Ischemia is one of the leading causes of secondary brain damage after head trauma. [9]