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α-Methyl-p-tyrosine (AMPT), or simply α-methyltyrosine, also known in its chiral 2-(S) form as metirosine, is a tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme inhibitor and is therefore a drug involved in inhibiting the catecholamine biosynthetic pathway. [1]
Tyrosine hydroxylase or tyrosine 3-monooxygenase is the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the conversion of the amino acid L-tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA). [ 5 ] [ 6 ] It does so using molecular oxygen (O 2 ), as well as iron (Fe 2+ ) and tetrahydrobiopterin as cofactors .
α-MePhe is a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, thereby preventing the transformation of tyrosine into L-DOPA, and results in depletion of the catecholamine neurotransmitters. [2] It is also an inhibitor of phenylalanine hydroxylase , and in conjunction with phenylalanine administration, induces hyperphenylalaninemia analogous to that in ...
Pages in category "Tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitors" The following 9 pages are in this category, out of 9 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. A.
[8] [9] [10] Moreover, α-Me-5-HTP is also a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor similarly to α-methyltyrosine, as well as an aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AAAD) inhibitor, and has been found to deplete levels of brain norepinephrine in animals, although not levels of brain dopamine.
Tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitors. 3-Iodotyrosine • Aquayamycin • Bulbocapnine • Metirosine • Oudenone. Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase inhibitors (DOPA ...
3-Iodotyrosine is an intermediate in the synthesis of thyroid hormones which is derived from iodination of tyrosine at the meta-position of the benzene ring. One unit can combine with diiodotyrosine to form triiodothyronine, as occurs in the colloid of the thyroid follicle. Two units can combine to form 3,3'-diiodothyronine.
It has been shown to act as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, [2] and inhibits biosynthesis of dopamine via inhibition of the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase. [3] [4] Like apomorphine, it is reported to be an inhibitor of amyloid beta protein (Aβ) fiber formation, whose presence is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD).