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Hybrid rocket propulsion system conceptual overview. In its simplest form, a hybrid rocket consists of a pressure vessel (tank) containing the liquid oxidizer, the combustion chamber containing the solid propellant, and a mechanical device separating the two. When thrust is desired, a suitable ignition source is introduced in the combustion ...
Hybrid rocket fuel regression refers to the process by which the fuel grain of a hybrid-propellant rocket is converted from a solid to a gas that is combusted. It encompasses the regression rate, the distance that the fuel surface recedes over a given time, as well as the burn area, the surface area that is being eroded at a given moment.
RocketMotorTwo is a hybrid rocket engine utilizing solid hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) fuel and liquid nitrous oxide oxidizer – sometimes referred to as an N 2 O/HTPB motor [8] [9] – providing 70,000 pounds-force (310 kN) of thrust. [10] The design makes use of lessons learned during the development of the SpaceShipOne hybrid ...
Most designs of liquid rocket engines are throttleable for variable thrust operation. Some allow control of the propellant mixture ratio (ratio at which oxidizer and fuel are mixed). Some can be shut down and, with a suitable ignition system or self-igniting propellant, restarted. Hybrid rockets apply a liquid or gaseous oxidizer to a solid fuel.
The fuselage is cigar-shaped, with an overall diameter of about 1.52 m (5 ft 0 in). The main structure is of a graphite/epoxy composite material. From front to back, it contains the crew cabin, oxidizer tank, fuel casing, and rocket nozzle. The craft has short, wide wings, with a span of 5 m (16 ft) and a chord of 3 m (9.8 ft). Large vertical ...
The Rochester Institute of Technology was building an HTPB hybrid rocket to launch small payloads into space and to several near-Earth objects. Its first launch was in the Summer of 2007. Scaled Composites SpaceShipOne, the first private crewed spacecraft, was powered by a hybrid rocket burning HTPB with nitrous oxide: RocketMotorOne.
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The number of members has increased to over 190 in 2020. Over the years DARE has developed expertise in all three major rocket propulsion technologies (solid, liquid, and hybrid), with multiple conference papers published each year. 2009 marked DARE's Stratos I launch, which set the European altitude record of 12.5 km for student rockets.