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2 Li + C 4 H 9 X → C 4 H 9 Li + LiX where X = Cl, Br. The lithium for this reaction contains 1-3% sodium. When bromobutane is the precursor, the product is a homogeneous solution, consisting of a mixed cluster containing both LiBr and LiBu. 1-Fluorobutane can be obtained by reacting 1-bromobutane with potassium fluoride in ethylene glycol. [5]
No double bond migrations are observed; the reaction can be started with the butene and hexene as well and the reaction can be stopped by addition of methanol. The Goodyear group demonstrated that the reaction of regular 2-butene with its all-deuterated isotopologue yielded C 4 H 4 D 4 with deuterium evenly distributed. [20]
Bromoform was discovered in 1832 by Löwig who distilled a mixture of bromal and potassium hydroxide, as analogous to preparation of chloroform from chloral. [5]Bromoform can be prepared by the haloform reaction using acetone and sodium hypobromite, by the electrolysis of potassium bromide in ethanol, or by treating chloroform with aluminium bromide.
With substrates benzaldehyde and 2-methyl-2-butene the reaction product is a mixture of structural isomers: Another substrate set is benzaldehyde and furan [4] or heteroaromatic ketones and fluorinated alkenes. [5] The alternative strategy for the above reaction is called the Transposed Paternò−Büchi reaction.
2-Phenethyl bromide (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 Br) is produced via this route from styrene. Hydrogen bromide can also be used to convert alcohols to alkyl bromides. This reaction, that must be done under low temperature conditions, is employed in the industrial synthesis of allyl bromide: HOCH 2 CH=CH 2 + HBr → BrCH 2 CH=CH 2 + H 2 O
4-Bromophenylacetic acid may be prepared by the addition of a bromine atom to phenylacetic acid through electrophilic aromatic substitution.It was first prepared in the laboratory by treatment of phenylacetic acid with bromine and mercuric oxide; a mixture of the 2- and 4- isomers is made, and the 4- isomer is isolated by fractional crystallization.
2-Bromobutane is an isomer of 1-bromobutane. Both compounds share the molecular formula C 4 H 9 Br. 2-Bromobutane is also known as sec-butyl bromide or methylethylbromomethane. Because it contains bromine, a halogen, it is part of a larger class of compounds known as alkyl halides. It is a colorless liquid with a pleasant odor.
tert-Butylbenzene can be produced by the treatment of benzene with isobutene [1] or by the reaction of benzene with tert-butyl chloride in presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride, [2] the latter is depicted below: