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Sphalerite is a sulfide mineral with the chemical formula (Zn, Fe)S. [5] It is the most important ore of zinc . Sphalerite is found in a variety of deposit types, but it is primarily in sedimentary exhalative , Mississippi-Valley type , and volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits.
Sphalerite, the more common polymorph of zinc sulfide Wurtzite, the less common polymorph of zinc sulfide. ZnS exists in two main crystalline forms. This dualism is an example of polymorphism. In each form, the coordination geometry at Zn and S is tetrahedral. The more stable cubic form is known also as zinc blende or sphalerite.
Hawleyite is a rare sulfide mineral in the sphalerite group, dimorphous and easily confused with greenockite. Chemically, it is cadmium sulfide , and occurs as a bright yellow coating on sphalerite or siderite in vugs , deposited by meteoric water .
Sphalerite is also distinctive in being moderately heavy for its size and having six different planes of cleavage. Sphalerite is the most important zinc ore mineral. Zinc produced from sphalerite is used for many purposes, including mixing with copper to produce brass, rust protection of iron & steel, and for making modern American pennies ...
Three crystalline forms of CdSe are known which follow the structures of: wurtzite (hexagonal), sphalerite (cubic) and rock-salt (cubic). The sphalerite CdSe structure is unstable and converts to the wurtzite form upon moderate heating. The transition starts at about 130 °C, and at 700 °C it completes within a day.
The sphalerite ore found here was presumably converted to zinc oxide via roasting, although no archaeological evidence of this has been found. Smelting is thought to have been done in sealed cylindrical clay retorts which were packed with a mixture of roasted ore, dolomite , and an organic material, perhaps cow dung , and then placed vertically ...
English: Sphalerite & barite from Tennessee, USA. (CMC RM 1140, Cincinnati Museum Center's rock & mineral collection, Cincinnati Museum of Natural History & Science, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA) Locality: Cumberland Mine, Smith County, Tennessee, USA
Cartoon cross-section showing manto ore deposits (USGS) [1] A polymetallic replacement deposit, also known as carbonate replacement deposit or high-temperature carbonate-hosted Ag-Pb-Zn deposit, [2] is an orebody of metallic minerals formed by the replacement of sedimentary, usually carbonate rock, by metal-bearing solutions in the vicinity of igneous intrusions. [3]