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  2. Calcitriol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcitriol

    Calcitriol is a hormone and the active form of vitamin D, normally made in the kidney. [8] [9] [10] It is also known as 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.It binds to and activates the vitamin D receptor in the nucleus of the cell, which then increases the expression of many genes. [11]

  3. Vitamin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin

    Vitamins are classified as either water-soluble or fat-soluble. In humans there are 13 vitamins: 4 fat-soluble (A, D, E, and K) and 9 water-soluble (8 B vitamins and vitamin C). Water-soluble vitamins dissolve easily in water and, in general, are readily excreted from the body, to the degree that urinary output is a strong predictor of vitamin ...

  4. Pantothenic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantothenic_acid

    Pantothenic acid is a water-soluble vitamin, one of the B vitamins. It is synthesized from the amino acid β-alanine and pantoic acid (see biosynthesis and structure of coenzyme A figures). Unlike vitamin E or vitamin K, which occurs in several chemically related forms known as vitamers, pantothenic acid is only one chemical compound.

  5. Human nutrition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_nutrition

    The Vitamin-B complex, which includes eight water-soluble vitamins, plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular function and preventing brain atrophy. Among the elderly, deficiencies in vitamins B12, B6, and folate are linked to cognitive decline and depressive symptoms. [172]

  6. Retinol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinol

    Retinol, also called vitamin A 1, is a fat-soluble vitamin in the vitamin A family that is found in food and used as a dietary supplement. [3] Retinol or other forms of vitamin A are needed for vision, cellular development, maintenance of skin and mucous membranes, immune function and reproductive development. [3]

  7. Chylomicron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chylomicron

    Chylomicron structure ApoA, ApoB, ApoC, ApoE (apolipoproteins); T (triacylglycerol); C (cholesterol); green (phospholipids). Chylomicrons transport lipids absorbed from the intestine to adipose, cardiac, and skeletal muscle tissue, where their triglyceride components are hydrolyzed by the activity of the lipoprotein lipase, allowing the released free fatty acids to be absorbed by the tissues.

  8. Cholecalciferol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholecalciferol

    Cholecalciferol is a form of vitamin D which is naturally synthesized in skin and functions as a pro-hormone, being converted to calcitriol.This is important for maintaining calcium levels and promoting bone health and development. [4]

  9. Lipid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid

    The "fat-soluble" vitamins (A, D, E and K) – which are isoprene-based lipids – are essential nutrients stored in the liver and fatty tissues, with a diverse range of functions. Acyl-carnitines are involved in the transport and metabolism of fatty acids in and out of mitochondria, where they undergo beta oxidation . [ 77 ]