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The general structure of the kavalactones, without the R 1-R 2-O-CH 2-O- bridge and with all possible C=C double bonds shown.. Kavalactones are a class of lactone compounds found in kava roots and Alpinia zerumbet (shell ginger).
Yangonin is one of the six major kavalactones found in the kava plant. [1] It has been shown to possess binding affinity for the cannabinoid receptor CB 1 (K i = 0.72 μM), and selectivity vs. the CB 2 receptor (K i >10 μM) where it behaves as an agonist.
Kava or kava kava (Piper methysticum: Latin 'pepper' and Latinized Greek 'intoxicating') is a plant in the pepper family, native to the Pacific Islands. [1] The name kava is from Tongan and Marquesan, meaning 'bitter.’ [1] Other names for kava include ʻawa (), [2] ʻava (), yaqona or yagona (), [3] sakau (), [4] seka (), [5] and malok or malogu (parts of Vanuatu). [6]
Kava: Piper methysticum: Root: [63] 3-20% kavalactones: Depressant: Kava cultures are the religious and cultural traditions of western Oceania which consume kava. Khat: Catha edulis: Leaf: [64] cathine up to 14% [65] [66] Stimulant: For centuries, religious leaders have consumed the leaves to stay awake during long nights of prayer. [67] Kratom ...
Later analyses of the implicated drug materials and products revealed that medical kava extracts contain less than 45 ppm of this alkaloid, while the leaves contain about 0.2% (2000 ppm). Based on this retrospective study, pipermethystine is an unlikely cause for the observed hepatotoxicity of commercial kava preparations.
Desmethoxyyangonin is a reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B). [1] Kava is able to increase dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens [2] and desmethoxyyangonin likely contributes to this effect.
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