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  2. Leidenfrost effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leidenfrost_effect

    Leidenfrost droplet Demonstration of the Leidenfrost effect Leidenfrost effect of a single drop of water. The Leidenfrost effect is a physical phenomenon in which a liquid, close to a solid surface of another body that is significantly hotter than the liquid's boiling point, produces an insulating vapor layer that keeps the liquid from boiling rapidly.

  3. Vacuum evaporation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_evaporation

    The vacuum evaporation treatment process consists of reducing the interior pressure of the evaporation chamber below atmospheric pressure. This reduces the boiling point of the liquid to be evaporated, thereby reducing or eliminating the need for heat in both the boiling and condensation processes.

  4. Evaporation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaporation

    Water vapor is an invisible gas, but the clouds of condensed droplets refract and scatter the sunlight and are thus visible. Droplets of water vapor in a pan. Demonstration of evaporative cooling. When the sensor is dipped in ethanol and then taken out to evaporate, the instrument shows progressively lower temperature as the ethanol evaporates.

  5. Vacuum drying - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_drying

    This decreases the boiling point of water inside that product and thereby increases the rate of evaporation significantly. The result is a significantly increased drying rate of the product. [ 2 ] The vacuum drying process is a batch operation performed at reduced pressures and lower relative humidity compared to ambient pressure, enabling ...

  6. Surface chemistry of cooking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_chemistry_of_cooking

    This technique uses a thin layer of heated oil to coat the pan. The oil layer is the method of heat transfer between the burner and the food. Water vapor is a critical component of how pan frying works. Raw meat products contain up to 73% water. [4] The meat is cooked by the evaporation of this water.

  7. Electromagnetic absorption by water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_absorption...

    Water vapor concentration for this gas mixture is 0.4%. Water vapor is a greenhouse gas in the Earth's atmosphere, responsible for 70% of the known absorption of incoming sunlight, particularly in the infrared region, and about 60% of the atmospheric absorption of thermal radiation by the Earth known as the greenhouse effect. [25]

  8. Water vapor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_vapor

    Water vapor, water vapour or aqueous vapor is the gaseous phase of water. It is one state of water within the hydrosphere. Water vapor can be produced from the evaporation or boiling of liquid water or from the sublimation of ice. Water vapor is transparent, like most constituents of the atmosphere. [1]

  9. Boiling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling

    Rolling boil of water in an electric kettle. Boiling or ebullition is the rapid phase transition from liquid to gas or vapour; the reverse of boiling is condensation.Boiling occurs when a liquid is heated to its boiling point, so that the vapour pressure of the liquid is equal to the pressure exerted on the liquid by the surrounding atmosphere.