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By installing a thermostatically controlled pump just after the farthest fixture on the loop, cyclic pumping maintains ready hot water up to the last fixture on the loop instead of wasting energy heating the piping from the last fixture to the water heater. Installing a circulation pump at the farthest fixture on a hot water circulation loop is ...
Circulating hot water can be used for central heating. Sometimes these systems are called hydronic heating systems. [22] Common components of a central heating system using water-circulation include: A supply of fuel, electric power or district heating supply lines; A boiler (or a heat exchanger for district heating) which heats water in the system
Redundancy: If one zone pump fails, the others can remain working; Far superior method of linking multiple heat sources. Such as gas and solid fuel in one system. Disadvantages: Higher initial installation cost. Circulator pumps cost more than zone valves; Higher power consumption.
Direct electric resistance tank water heaters are not included in the Energy Star program; however, the Energy Star program does include electric heat pump units with energy factors of 200% or higher. Tankless gas water heaters (as of 2015) must have an energy factor of 90% or higher for Energy Star qualification.
Electrical heaters are often used as backup or supplemental heat for heat pump systems. The heat pump gained popularity in the 1950s in Japan and the United States. [14] Heat pumps can extract heat from various sources, such as environmental air, exhaust air from a building, or from the ground. Heat pumps transfer heat from outside the ...
The secondary pump takes the feed water going to the boiler and raises the pressure of the water going in. In a natural circulation boilers, the circulation of water is dependent on the differential pressures caused by the change of density in the water as it is heated. That is to say that as the water is heated and starts turning to steam, the ...
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