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  2. Seed plant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed_plant

    A middle Devonian (385-million-year-old) precursor to seed plants from Belgium has been identified predating the earliest seed plants by about 20 million years. Runcaria , small and radially symmetrical, is an integumented megasporangium surrounded by a cupule.

  3. Seed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed

    The formation of the seed is the defining part of the process of reproduction in seed plants (spermatophytes). Other plants such as ferns, mosses and liverworts, do not have seeds and use water-dependent means to propagate themselves. Seed plants now dominate biological niches on land, from forests to grasslands both in hot and cold climates.

  4. Dicotyledon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dicotyledon

    The name refers to one of the typical characteristics of the group: namely, that the seed has two embryonic leaves or cotyledons. There are around 200,000 species within this group. [3] The other group of flowering plants were called monocotyledons (or monocots), typically each having one cotyledon. Historically, these two groups formed the two ...

  5. Horticulture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horticulture

    A horticulture student tending to plants in a garden in Lawrenceville, Georgia, March 2015 The Rock Garden, Leonardslee Gardens. Horticulture is the science and art of growing fruits, vegetables, flowers, or ornamental plants.

  6. Gymnosperm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnosperm

    The gymnosperms (/ ˈ dʒ ɪ m n ə ˌ s p ɜːr m z,-n oʊ-/ ⓘ JIM-nə-spurmz, -⁠noh-; lit. ' revealed seeds ') are a group of woody, perennial seed-producing plants, typically lacking the protective outer covering which surrounds the seeds in flowering plants, that include conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophytes, forming the clade Gymnospermae [2] The term gymnosperm comes from the ...

  7. Mixed mating systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed_mating_systems

    A mixed mating system (in plants), also known as “variable inbreeding” a characteristic of many hermaphroditic seed plants, where more than one means of mating is used. [1] Mixed mating usually refers to the production of a mixture of self-fertilized (selfed) and outbred (outcrossed) seeds. Plant mating systems influence the distribution of ...

  8. Plant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant

    In seed plants (gymnosperms and flowering plants), the sporophyte forms most of the visible plant, and the gametophyte is very small. Flowering plants reproduce sexually using flowers, which contain male and female parts: these may be within the same ( hermaphrodite ) flower, on different flowers on the same plant , or on different plants .

  9. Monocotyledon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocotyledon

    The monocots or monocotyledons have, as the name implies, a single (mono-) cotyledon, or embryonic leaf, in their seeds.Historically, this feature was used to contrast the monocots with the dicotyledons or dicots which typically have two cotyledons; however, modern research has shown that the dicots are not a natural group, and the term can only be used to indicate all angiosperms that are not ...

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