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Proton-pump inhibitors have largely superseded the H 2-receptor antagonists, a group of medications with similar effects but a different mode of action, and heavy use of antacids. [3] A potassium-competitive acid blocker (PCAB) revaprazan was marketed in Korea as an alternative to a PPI.
They have been surpassed by proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). The PPI omeprazole was found to be more effective at both healing and alleviating symptoms of ulcers and reflux oesophagitis than the H 2 blockers ranitidine and cimetidine. [2] H 2 antagonists, which all end in "-tidine", are a type of antihistamine.
The H 2 receptor antagonists are a class of drugs used to block the action of histamine on parietal cells in the stomach, decreasing the production of acid by these cells. H 2 antagonists are used in the treatment of dyspepsia, although they have been surpassed in popularity by the more effective [1] proton pump inhibitors.
PPIs, which include heartburn drugs such as Prilosec, Nexium and Prevacid, are one of the best-selling classes of drugs in the world.
A derivative of timoprazole, omeprazole, was discovered in 1979, and was the first of a new class of drug that control acid secretion in the stomach, a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). [ 11 ] [ 12 ] Addition of 5-methoxy-substitution to the benzimidazole moiety of omeprazole was also made and gave the compound much more stability at neutral pH. [ 6 ]
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were later developed, starting with Timoprazole in 1975. [15] PPIs are acid-activated prodrugs that inhibit the hydrogen-potassium ATPase by binding covalently to active pumps. [16] Current PPIs like Omeprazole have a short half-life of approximately 90 minutes. [17]
“Proton pump inhibitors are the most potent acid-decreasing medications available and are newer and work better than old H2(histamine) blocking medications and antacids,” Segil said.
Lansoprazole, sold under the brand name Prevacid among others, is a medication which reduces stomach acid. [4] It is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), used to treat peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and Zollinger–Ellison syndrome. [5]