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Oolong (UK: / ˈ uː l ɒ ŋ /, US: /-l ɔː ŋ /; simplified Chinese: 乌龙茶; traditional Chinese: 烏龍茶; pinyin: wūlóngchá; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o͘-liông tê, "black dragon" tea) is a traditional semi-oxidized Chinese tea (Camellia sinensis) produced through a process that includes withering the leaves under strong sun and allowing some oxidation to occur before curling and twisting. [1]
Camellia sinensis is a species of evergreen shrub or small tree in the flowering plant family Theaceae.Its leaves, leaf buds, and stems can be used to produce tea.Common names include tea plant, tea shrub, and tea tree (unrelated to Melaleuca alternifolia, the source of tea tree oil, or the genus Leptospermum commonly called tea tree).
Amongst white teas, this is the most expensive variety and the most prized, as only top buds of the Camellia sinensis plant are used to produce the tea. [2] Genuine Silver Needles are made from cultivars of the Da Bai (Large White) tea tree family.
Chinese tea is a beverage made from the leaves of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) and – depending on the type of tea – typically 60–100 °C hot water. Tea leaves are processed using traditional Chinese methods. Chinese tea is drunk throughout the day, including during meals, as a substitute for plain water, for health, or for simple pleasure.
Chinese teas can be classified into six distinctive categories: white, green, yellow, oolong, black and post-fermented. Others add categories for scented and compressed teas. All of these come from varieties of the Camellia sinensis plant. Most Chinese teas are cultivated and consumed in China.
Camellia sinensis, the tea plant, is of major commercial importance because tea is made from its leaves. The species C. sinensis is the product of many generations of selective breeding to bring out desirable qualities for tea. However, many other camellias can be used to produce a similar beverage.
Camellia sinensis is an evergreen plant that grows mainly in tropical and subtropical climates. [69] Some varieties can tolerate oceanic climates and are cultivated as far north as Cornwall in England, [70] Perthshire in Scotland, [71] Washington in the United States, [72] and Vancouver Island in Canada. [73]
The best known genus is Camellia, which includes the plant whose leaves are used to produce tea (Camellia sinensis). In parts of Asia, other species are used as a beverage, including C. taliensis, C. grandibractiata, C. kwangsiensis, C. gymnogyna, C. crassicolumna, C. tachangensis, C. ptilophylla, and C. irrawadiensis. [10]
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