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Each Torah portion consists of two to six chapters to be read during the week. There are 54 weekly portions or parashot.Torah reading mostly follows an annual cycle beginning and ending on the Jewish holiday of Simchat Torah, with the divisions corresponding to the lunisolar Hebrew calendar, which contains up to 55 weeks, the exact number varying between leap years and regular years.
Some divide the text into individual verses, reading a single verse twice followed by its translation, then continuing to the next verse. Others [6] divide the Torah into its closed and open paragraphs as set out in a Torah scroll and in most printed copies, reading each paragraph as a whole, first twice in Hebrew and then once in Targum. [2]
Jews observe an annual holiday, Simchat Torah, to celebrate the completion and new start of the year's cycle of readings. Silver Torah case, Ottoman Empire, displayed in the Museum of Jewish Art and History. Torah scrolls are often dressed with a sash, a special Torah cover, various ornaments, and a keter (crown), although such customs vary ...
[46]: 150–152 [47] [48] [49] [k] [50] In this table, the years of a 19-year cycle are organized into four groups (called "gates"): common years after a leap year but before a common year (1 4 9 12 15); common years between two leap years (7 18); common years after a common year but before a leap year (2 5 10 13 16); and leap years (3 6 8 11 ...
Other references include such facts (as brought down in Seder Olam) that the 11th-year of Solomon's reign, when he completed his building of the First Temple, was in the 4th-year of the seven-year cycle, [149] or, similarly, that Jehoiachin's exile began 25 years before the next Jubilee and during the fourth year of a Sabbatical year, [150] or ...
Under Ezra, Torah reading became more frequent and the congregation themselves substituted for the King's role. According to one source, Ezra initiated the modern custom of reading thrice weekly in the synagogue. [2] This reading is an obligation incumbent on the congregation, not an individual, and did not replace the Hakhel reading by the king.
Deuteronomy, now the last book of the Torah, began as the set of religious laws (these make up the bulk of the book), was extended in the early part of the 6th century BCE to serve as the introduction to the Deuteronomistic history, and later still was detached from that history, extended yet again, and edited to conclude the Torah. [57] Prophets
Year Date History Image 2000-1800: The start of the Age of Patriarchs with Abraham, and the origin for the Abrahamic Religions, mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, Christian Bible and the Quran respectively: Abraham by Guercino: 1900: The Second patriarch Isaac, the long-awaited son of Abraham and Sarah, was nearly sacrificed by his father in a test ...