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Benedict's reagent (often called Benedict's qualitative solution or Benedict's solution) is a chemical reagent and complex mixture of sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, and copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate. [1] It is often used in place of Fehling's solution to detect the presence of reducing sugars and other reducing substances. [2]
With his historical detection reaction from 1904, the lactose content of dairy products can be visualized. [2] This is useful because many people are lactose intolerant and avoid dairy products. Countless pharmacy students, but also physicians, laboratory assistants, and recently also chemistry teachers know the Wöhlk test. [3]
This characteristic of reducing sugars is seen through a positive Benedict's Test. Lactose- N -tetraose has the oligosaccharide nomenclature β- D -galactosyl-(1→3)- N -acetyl-β- D -glucosaminyl-(1→3)-β- D -galactosyl-(1→4)- D -glucose, and consists of lactose with an additional lactose- N -biose disaccharide at the non-reducing end.
Reducing disaccharides like lactose and maltose have only one of their two anomeric carbons involved in the glycosidic bond, while the other is free and can convert to an open-chain form with an aldehyde group. The aldehyde functional group allows the sugar to act as a reducing agent, for example, in the Tollens' test or Benedict's test.
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