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Sphalerite is a sulfide mineral with the chemical formula (Zn, Fe)S. [5] It is the most important ore of zinc . Sphalerite is found in a variety of deposit types, but it is primarily in sedimentary exhalative , Mississippi-Valley type , and volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits.
Sphalerite, the more common polymorph of zinc sulfide Wurtzite, the less common polymorph of zinc sulfide. ZnS exists in two main crystalline forms. This dualism is an example of polymorphism. In each form, the coordination geometry at Zn and S is tetrahedral. The more stable cubic form is known also as zinc blende or sphalerite.
Wurtzite is a zinc and iron sulfide mineral with the chemical formula (Zn,Fe)S, a less frequently encountered structural polymorph form of sphalerite. The iron content is variable up to eight percent. [5] It is trimorphous with matraite and sphalerite. [2] It occurs in hydrothermal deposits associated with sphalerite, pyrite, chalcopyrite ...
Main ore minerals in SEDEX deposits are fine-grained sphalerite and galena, chalcopyrite is significant in some deposits; silver-bearing sulfosalts are frequent minor constituents; pyrite is always present and can be a minor component or the dominant sulfide, as it is the case in massive sulfide bodies; barite content is common to absent ...
The sphalerite ore found here was presumably converted to zinc oxide via roasting, although no archaeological evidence of this has been found. Smelting is thought to have been done in sealed cylindrical clay retorts which were packed with a mixture of roasted ore, dolomite , and an organic material, perhaps cow dung , and then placed vertically ...
Hawleyite is a rare sulfide mineral in the sphalerite group, dimorphous and easily confused with greenockite. Chemically, it is cadmium sulfide , and occurs as a bright yellow coating on sphalerite or siderite in vugs , deposited by meteoric water .
The mineralogy of VMS consists of over 90% iron sulfide, mainly in the form of pyrite, with chalcopyrite, sphalerite and galena also being major constituents. Magnetite is present in minor amounts; as magnetite content increases, the ores grade into massive oxide deposits.
Three crystalline forms of CdSe are known which follow the structures of: wurtzite (hexagonal), sphalerite (cubic) and rock-salt (cubic). The sphalerite CdSe structure is unstable and converts to the wurtzite form upon moderate heating. The transition starts at about 130 °C, and at 700 °C it completes within a day.