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The p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) also known as Bcl-2-binding component 3 (BBC3), is a pro-apoptotic protein, member of the Bcl-2 protein family. [5] [6] In humans, the Bcl-2-binding component 3 protein is encoded by the BBC3 gene.
p53, also known as Tumor protein P53, cellular tumor antigen p53 (UniProt name), or transformation-related protein 53 (TRP53) is a regulatory protein that is often mutated in human cancers. The p53 proteins (originally thought to be, and often spoken of as, a single protein) are crucial in vertebrates , where they prevent cancer formation. [ 5 ]
The most common of these diseases is cancer, the disease of excessive cellular proliferation, which is often characterized by an overexpression of IAP family members. As a result, the malignant cells experience an abnormal response to apoptosis induction: Cycle-regulating genes (such as p53, ras or c-myc) are mutated or inactivated in diseased ...
Activation of a suicide gene can cause death through a variety of pathways, but one important cellular "switch" to induce apoptosis is the p53 protein. Stimulation or introduction (through gene therapy ) of suicide genes is a potential way of treating cancer or other proliferative diseases.
The expression of BID is upregulated by the tumor suppressor p53, and BID has been shown to be involved in p53-mediated apoptosis. [7] The p53 protein is a transcription factor that, when activated as part of the cell's response to stress, regulates many downstream target genes, including BID. However, p53 also has a transcription-independent ...
Li–Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a rare, autosomal dominant, hereditary disorder [1] that predisposes carriers to cancer development.It was named after two American physicians, Frederick Pei Li and Joseph F. Fraumeni Jr., who first recognized the syndrome after reviewing the medical records and death certificates of childhood rhabdomyosarcoma patients. [2]
High-normal levels of the bile acid deoxycholic acid cause apoptosis in human colon cells, [56] but may also lead to colon cancer if repair and apoptotic defenses are insufficient. [57] Apoptosis serves as a safeguard mechanism against tumorigenesis. [58] It prevents the increased mutagenesis that excess DNA damage could cause, upon replication ...
Tumors cells often have inactivated the machinery that is required for apoptosis such as the p53 protein. [4] This is usually achieved by mutations in the p53 protein or by loss of the chromosome region that contains the genetic code for it. [21] p53 acts to prevent the propagation of tumor cells and is considered a major tumor suppressor protein.